Comparison of WTC Dust Size on Macrophage Inflammatory Cytokine Release In vivo and In vitro

Details

• Alternative Title:
  PLoS One
• Personal Author:
  Weiden, Michael D. ; Naveed, Bushra ; Kwon, Sophia ; Segal, Leopoldo N. ; Cho, Soo Jung ; Tsukiji, Jun ; Kulkarni, Rohan ; Comfort, Ashley L. ; Kasturiarachchi, Kusali J. ; Prophete, Colette ; Cohen, Mitchell D. ; Chen, Lung-Chi ; Rom, William N. ; Prezant, David J. ; Nolan, Anna
• Description:
  Background
  
  The WTC collapse exposed over 300,000 people to high concentrations of WTC-PM; particulates up to ∼50 mm were recovered from rescue workers’ lungs. Elevated MDC and GM-CSF independently predicted subsequent lung injury in WTC-PM-exposed workers. Our hypotheses are that components of WTC dust strongly induce GM-CSF and MDC in AM; and that these two risk factors are in separate inflammatory pathways.
  
  Methodology/Principal Findings
  
  Normal adherent AM from 15 subjects without WTC-exposure were incubated in media alone, LPS 40 ng/mL, or suspensions of WTC-PM10–53 or WTC-PM2.5 at concentrations of 10, 50 or 100 µg/mL for 24 hours; supernatants assayed for 39 chemokines/cytokines. In addition, sera from WTC-exposed subjects who developed lung injury were assayed for the same cytokines. In the in vitro studies, cytokines formed two clusters with GM-CSF and MDC as a result of PM10–53 and PM2.5. GM-CSF clustered with IL-6 and IL-12(p70) at baseline, after exposure to WTC-PM10–53 and in sera of WTC dust-exposed subjects (n = 70) with WTC lung injury. Similarly, MDC clustered with GRO and MCP-1. WTC-PM10–53 consistently induced more cytokine release than WTC-PM2.5 at 100 µg/mL. Individual baseline expression correlated with WTC-PM-induced GM-CSF and MDC.
  
  Conclusions
  
  WTC-PM10–53 induced a stronger inflammatory response by human AM than WTC-PM2.5. This large particle exposure may have contributed to the high incidence of lung injury in those exposed to particles at the WTC site. GM-CSF and MDC consistently cluster separately, suggesting a role for differential cytokine release in WTC-PM injury. Subject-specific response to WTC-PM may underlie individual susceptibility to lung injury after irritant dust exposure.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adult Aged Chemokine CCL22 Dust Emergency Responders Female Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Humans Inflammation Macrophages Male Middle Aged Particle Size Pulmonary Alveoli Risk Factors September 11 Terrorist Attacks

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• Source:
  PLoS One. 2012; 7(7).
• Pubmed ID:
  22815721
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC3399845
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  1UL1RR029893/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States ; K23 HL084191/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States ; K23HL084191/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States ; K24A1080298/PHS HHS/United States ; R01HL090316/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States ; R01OH008280/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States ; T32-ES007267/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ; U01CA008617/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States ; U10-OH008242/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States ; U10-OH008243/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States ; UL1 RR029893/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
• Volume:
  7
• Issue:
  7
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:bc18c5c7b87f90d0ceefce84f81a7ceb05d957967fcf4d393f74dbd7e055afe7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/22718/cdc_22718_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 291.29 KB ]