Evidence for Subclinical Avian Influenza Virus Infections Among Rural Thai Villagers

Details

• Personal Author:
  Blair PJ ; Capuano AW ; Chittaganpitch M ; Friary JA ; Gibbons RV ; Gray GC ; Heil GL ; Khuntirat BP ; Krueger WS ; Pattamadilok S ; Putnam SD ; Sawanpanyalert P ; Supawat K ; Yoon I-K
• Description:
  Background. Regions of Thailand reported sporadic outbreaks of A/H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) among poultry between 2004 and 2008. Kamphaeng Phet Province, in north-central Thailand had over 50 HPAI poultry outbreaks in 2004 alone, and 1 confirmed and 2 likely other human HPAI infections between 2004 and 2006. Methods. In 2008, we enrolled a cohort of 800 rural Thai adults living in 8 sites within Kamphaeng Phet Province in a prospective study of zoonotic influenza transmission. We studied participants' sera with serologic assays against 16 avian, 2 swine, and 8 human influenza viruses. Results. Among participants (mean age 49.6 years and 58% female) 65% reported lifetime poultry exposure of at least 30 consecutive minutes. Enrollees had elevated antibodies by microneutralization assay against 3 avian viruses: A/Hong Kong/1073/1999(H9N2), A/Thailand/676/2005(H5N1), and A/Thailand/384/2006(H5N1). Bivariate risk factor modeling demonstrated that male gender, lack of an indoor water source, and tobacco use were associated with elevated titers against avian H9N2 virus. Multivariate modeling suggested that increasing age, lack of an indoor water source, and chronic breathing problems were associated with infection with 1 or both HPAI H5N1 strains. Poultry exposure was not associated with positive serologic findings. Conclusions. These data suggest that people in rural central Thailand may have experienced subclinical avian influenza infections as a result of yet unidentified environmental exposures. Lack of an indoor water source may play a role in transmission. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Antibodies Cohort Studies Communicable Diseases Environmental Exposure Food Handling Food Industry Influenza, Human Occupational Health Respiratory System Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Viral Diseases

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• Keywords:
  Avian Influenza Breathing Cohort Studies Disease Transmission Environmental Exposure Humans Infectious Agents Influenza Pathogens Poultry Poultry Industry Poultry Workers Risk Factors Serological Techniques Serology Swine Flu Swine Influenza Viral Diseases Viral Infections Water Supply Zoonoses

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• ISSN:
  1058-4838
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Florida ; Iowa ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 7
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  53
• Issue:
  8
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20062866
• Citation:
  Clin Infect Dis 2011 Oct; 53(8):e107-e116
• Contact Point Address:
  Gregory C. Gray, MD, MPH, FIDSA, Professor and Chair, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions University of Florida, P.O. Box 100188, Gainesville, FL 32610
• Email:
  gcgray@phhp.ufl.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2012
• Performing Organization:
  University of Iowa
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Clinical Infectious Diseases
• End Date:
  20290630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7c22d6652dfbd0ccfeea3538a1784039e120c4ab47a8817e48b6df5d31284711cce6d295a131e337825132451ab155dfd4a364180208254e959421d0ded2e135
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/226040/cdc_226040_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 451.13 KB ]