Benzene Exposure and Cancer Risk from Commercial Gasoline Station Fueling Events Using a Novel Self-Sampling Protocol

Details

• Personal Author:
  Fox M ; Koehler K ; Levy-Zamora M ; Patton AN
• Description:
  Tens of millions of individuals go to gasoline stations on a daily basis in the United States. One of the constituents of gasoline is benzene, a Group 1 carcinogen that has been strongly linked to both occupational and non-occupational leukemias. While benzene content in gasoline is federally regulated, there is approximately a thirty-year data gap in United States research on benzene exposures from pumping gasoline. Using a novel self-sampling protocol with whole air canisters, we conducted a gasoline pumping exposure assessment for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) on Baltimore, Maryland consumers. Geometric mean exposures (geometric standard deviations) were 3.2 (2.7) ppb,9.5 (3.5) ppb, 2.0 (2.8) ppb, and 7.3 (3.0) ppb, respectively, on 32 samples. Using the benzene exposures, we conducted consumer and occupational probabilistic risk assessments and contextualized the risk with ambient benzene exposure risk. We found that the consumer scenarios did not approach the 1:1,000,000 excess risk management threshold and that the occupational scenario did not exceed the 1:10,000 excess risk management threshold. Further, in all Monte Carlo trials, the ambient risk from benzene exposure exceeded that of pumping risk for consumers, but that in approximately 30% of occupational trials, the pumping risk exceeded the ambient risk. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Benzene Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Gasoline Exposure Assessment Gasoline Gas Stations Probabilistic Risk Assessment Risk Assessment Sampling Methods TVOC
• ISSN:
  1660-4601
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 6 ; Texas
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  18
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20062200
• Citation:
  Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Feb; 18(4):1872
• Contact Point Address:
  Kirsten Koehler, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
• Email:
  kkoehle1@jhu.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Benzene (CAS RN 71-43-2)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2021
• Performing Organization:
  Johns Hopkins University
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:868cdc3b4786d2a195ad5f9d4cfe2bf5c31a0bead89993b1800a77312fa30a773ea0d154623b8110e063869c1b3ca31c1fab920178c6add8fddbeb5830aeb40b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/225496/cdc_225496_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.33 MB ]