In Vitro Human Skin Permeation of Benzene in Gasoline: Effects of Concentration, Multiple Dosing and Skin Preparation

Details

• Personal Author:
  Barbero AM ; Frasch, H. Fredrick
• Description:
  In vitro human skin benzene permeation was measured from gasoline formulations with benzene concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 10 vol% and from neat benzene. Steady-state fluxes (JSS), permeability coefficients (kp) and lag times (tlag) were calculated from infinite dose exposures. Permeation of benzene from small gasoline doses administered over a two-day period was also studied. The thermodynamic activity of benzene in gasoline at 30 degrees C was determined and the solution is near-ideal over the range from 0.8 to 100 vol%. JSS through human epidermal membranes were linear (R2 = 0.92) with concentration over the range from 0.8 to 10 vol %. JSS (microg/cm2/h) from gasoline (0.8 vol% benzene = 6.99 mg/ml) through epidermis and full-thickness skin were 9.37 +/- 1.41 and 1.82 +/- 0.44, respectively. Neat benzene JSS was 566 +/- 138. Less than 0.25% of the total applied benzene mass from finite doses (10 microl/cm2) of gasoline was detected in receptor cells, and a small reduction of barrier function was observed from six total doses administered over 2 days. Application of these results to dermal exposure assessment examples demonstrates a range of systemic benzene uptakes that can be expected from occupational and consumer dermal exposures to gasoline, depending on the type and extent of exposure. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Benzene Occupational Health Safety Skin Skin Absorption
• Keywords:
  Absorption Rates Author Keywords: Activity Coefficie Dermal Risk Assessment Exposure Assessment Finite Dose Fractional Absorption Gasoline Infinite Dose In Vitro Study Kinetics Lag Time Risk Assessment Skin Absorption Skin Exposure Thermodynamics

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• ISSN:
  1559-0631
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  193-201
• Volume:
  28
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20050237
• Citation:
  J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2018 Mar/Apr; 28(2):193-201
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr H. Frederick Frasch, Health Effects Laboratory, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
• Email:
  HFrasch@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Benzene (CAS RN 71-43-2)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• NORA Priority Area:
  Oil and Gas Extraction
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:df2e976d1920adeb58b42c59b261a5d5f4ca1d0378c3ab1233383681158d893ff77a276b8d07c6ba31890493aaf595747ed1f641fad00eab5ef1217add0eca23
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/210664/cdc_210664_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 345.82 KB ]