Risk of Cancer Associated with Low-Dose Radiation Exposure: Comparison of Results Between the INWORKS Nuclear Workers Study and the A-Bomb Survivors Study

Details

• Personal Author:
  Cardis E ; Daniels, Robert D. ; Gillies M ; Haylock R ; Kesminiene A ; Laurier D ; Leuraud K ; Moissonnier M ; Richardson DB ; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. ; Thierry-Chef I
• Description:
  The Life Span Study (LSS) of Japanese atomic bomb survivors has served as the primary basis for estimates of radiation related disease risks that inform radiation protection standards. The long-term follow-up of radiation-monitored nuclear workers provides estimates of radiation-cancer associations that complement fndings from the LSS. Here, a comparison of radiation-cancer mortality risk estimates derived from the LSS and INWORKS, a large international nuclear worker study, is presented. Restrictions were made, so that the two study populations were similar with respect to ages and periods of exposure, leading to selection of 45,625 A-bomb survivors and 259,350 nuclear workers. For solid cancer, excess relative rates (ERR) per gray (Gy) were 0.28 (90% CI 0.18; 0.38) in the LSS, and 0.29 (90% CI 0.07; 0.53) in INWORKS. A joint analysis of the data allowed for a formal assessment of heterogeneity of the ERR per Gy across the two studies (P=0.909), with minimal evidence of curvature or of a modifying effect of attained age, age at exposure, or sex in either study. There was evidence in both cohorts of modifcation of the excess absolute risk (EAR) of solid cancer by attained age, with a trend of increasing EAR per Gy with attained age. For leukemia, under a simple linear model, the ERR per Gy was 2.75 (90% CI 1.73; 4.21) in the LSS and 3.15 (90% CI 1.12; 5.72) in INWORKS, with evidence of curvature in the association across the range of dose observed in the LSS but not in INWORKS; the EAR per Gy was 3.54 (90% CI 2.30; 5.05) in the LSS and 2.03 (90% CI 0.36; 4.07) in INWORKS. These fndings from different study populations may help understanding of radiation risks, with INWORKS contributing information derived from cohorts of workers with protracted low dose-rate exposures. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cohort Studies Epidemiology Mortality Neoplasms Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  A-bomb Survivors Author Keywords: Cancer Cancer Rates Cohort Studies Ionizing Radiation Low Dose Low Dose-rate Monitoring Systems Mortality Rates Nuclear Radiation Nuclear Workers Radiation Effects Radiation Exposure

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• ISSN:
  0301-634X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  WTCHP - World Trade Center Health Program
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  23-39
• Volume:
  60
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20061965
• Citation:
  Radiat Environ Biophys 2021 Mar; 60(1):23-39
• Contact Point Address:
  Klervi Leuraud, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
• Email:
  klervi.leuraud@irsn.fr
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2021
• NORA Priority Area:
  Construction ; Manufacturing
• Performing Organization:
  University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20190801
• Source Full Name:
  Radiation and Environmental Biophysics
• End Date:
  20220731
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:5ee4c9e0edbe3ecb7f8903a69cb26548622fc85b6a1e2c92671960308d1aec3d6fdd832490c9eb43486fee3bff1eca7c9a224720ff4759f440e884d6f3ceba61
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/225298/cdc_225298_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 812.36 KB ]