Particle and Organic Vapor Emissions from Children’s 3-D Pen and 3-D Printer Toys

Details

• Personal Author:
  Baumann EJ ; Bowers LN ; Burns, Dru A. ; Duling, Matthew G. ; Knepp AK ; LeBouf, Ryan F. ; Luxton T ; Martin SB Jr. ; Nurkiewicz TR ; Peloquin DM ; Ranpara, Anand ; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. ; Virji, M. Abbas ; Yi J
• Description:
  Objective: Fused filament fabrication "3-dimensional (3-D)" printing has expanded beyond the workplace to 3-D printers and pens for use by children as toys to create objects. Materials and methods: Emissions from two brands of toy 3-D pens and one brand of toy 3-D printer were characterized in a 0.6 m3 chamber (particle number, size, elemental composition; concentrations of individual and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC)). The effects of print parameters on these emission metrics were evaluated using mixed-effects models. Emissions data were used to model particle lung deposition and TVOC exposure potential. Results: Geometric mean particle yields (106-1010 particles/g printed) and sizes (30-300 nm) and TVOC yields (
• Subjects:
  Occupational Health Particulate Matter Printing, Three-Dimensional Safety Volatile Organic Compounds
• Keywords:
  3D Printing Author Keywords: 3-D Printing Children Control Technology Emission Sources Exposure Organic Vapors Particles Particle Size Particulates Three Dimensional Printing Toys VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds

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• ISSN:
  0895-8378
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Tennessee ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  RHD - Respiratory Health Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  432-445
• Volume:
  31
• Issue:
  13
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20058223
• Citation:
  Inhal Toxicol 2019 Dec; 31(13-14):432-445
• Contact Point Address:
  Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505
• Email:
  AStefaniak@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2020
• NORA Priority Area:
  Services
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Inhalation Toxicology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:a6aa5beb941ac0da519e33250b82dc928095899af5fd8ebc92621f8872cecc36949ef1a52e7c6a40ff7118f338372729c201591e943fc2ff2a11749482d8b440
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/221356/cdc_221356_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.29 MB ]