Incinerated Carbon Nanotube-Enabled Thermoplastics Enhance Cytotoxicity in Human Airway In Vitro Models

Details

• Personal Author:
  Coyle J ; Demokritou P ; Derk R ; Kornberg T ; Rojanasakul L ; Rojanasakul Y ; Singh D ; Stueckle, Todd A.
• Description:
  Engineered nanomaterials (NMs) are increasingly being incorporated into synthetic materials as fillers and additives. However, the potential pulmonary exposure effects of NM-enabled composites (NECs) during recycling and disposal have not been adequately addressed. The current investigation aims to characterize the cytotoxicity of incinerated NM-enabled thermoplastic composites (iNECs) on two in vitro pulmonary models. Ultrafine particles released from thermally decomposed pristine PC and carbon nanotube-containing polycarbonate (PC/-CNT) and polyurethane (PU/-CNT) were captured on inline filters, extracted, and suspended in sterile water. Incinerated thermoplastics were ultrasonicated and diluted in culture medium for acute in vitro exposure to primary small airway epithelial (pSAE) and BEAS-2B cells. The Harvard DG model was utilized to estimate the particle settling into the cellular microenvironment to characterize in vitro deposited dose. After exposure, both cell lines were assessed for cytotoxicity, ROS, and mitochondrial membrane potential. BEAS-2B demonstrated significant dose-dependent sensitivity to iNECs than incinerated pristine counterparts. In pSAE cells, cytotoxicity, enhancement in ROS, and dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential caused by PC, PC-CNT, and PU-CNT were generally lower in magnitude compared to BEAS-2B cells at treatments examined, and is likely attributable to differences in depositional characteristics between the respective culture media for both respective cell lines. Whilst the effect of iNECs on the distal respiratory airway epithelia remains limited in interpretation, the current in vitro model of the respiratory bronchial epithelia demonstrated profound sensitivity to iNECs at depositional doses plausibly relevant for occupational cohorts, indicating potential risk to occupational cohorts with direct exposure to incinerated thermoplastics NECs during disposal. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cells, Cultured Cytotoxins Hazardous Substances Hazardous Waste Laboratories Lung Occupational Health Plastics Polymers Recycling Respiratory System Safety Toxicology Urethane

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• Keywords:
  Airway Resistance Analytical Models Carbonates Carbon Nanotubes Cell Cultures Cell Culture Techniques Cellular Effects Chemical Deposition CNT Cytotoxicity Dose Response Exposure Assessment Hazardous Waste Humans Incineration In Vitro Study Laboratory Testing Nanocomposites Nanotechnology Nanotoxicology Pulmonary Effects Reactive Oxygen Species ROS Synthetics Thermal Decomposition Thermal Properties Ultrafine Particles Ultrasonics Ultrasonic Testing Urethanes Waste Disposal

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; Massachusetts ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  168
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20054978
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2019 Mar; 168(1):283
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbamic acid, ethyl ester (CAS RN 51-79-6) ; Carbon nanotubes (CAS RN 308068-56-6) ; Polycarbonates (CAS RN 25766-59-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 58th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 10-14, 2019, Baltimore, Maryland
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:6efa896bf68c954aca546f3b8ef21a23edb50b5f2a74bc99089add4ca8fefaf78bf38fcefb483b3bdda5b00b3902f0f501646902441d786e0f6f34d36f1b190a
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217384/cdc_217384_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 865.59 KB ]