Chlorpyrifos Exposures in Egyptian Cotton Field Workers

Details

• Personal Author:
  Anger WK ; Bonner MR ; Farahat FM ; Farahat TM ; Fenske RA ; Galvin K ; Lein PJ ; Olson JR ; Rohlman DS
• Description:
  Neurobehavioral deficits have been reported in Egyptian pesticide application teams using organophosphorus (OP) pesticides, but whether these effects are related to OP pesticide exposures has yet to be established. In preparation for a comprehensive study of the relationship between OP pesticide dose and neurobehavioral deficits, we assessed exposure within this population. We conducted occupational surveys and workplace observations, and collected air, dermal patch and biological samples from applicators, technicians and engineers involved in chlorpyrifos applications during cotton production to test the hypotheses that: (1) dermal exposure was an important contributor to internal dose and varied across body regions; and (2) substantial differences would be seen across the three job categories. Applicators were substantially younger and had shorter exposure histories than did technicians and engineers. Applicators and technicians were observed to have relatively high levels of skin or clothing contact with pesticide-treated foliage as they walked through the fields. Both dermal patch loadings of chlorpyrifos and measurements of a chlorpyrifos-specific metabolite (TCPy) in urine confirmed substantial exposure to and skin absorption of chlorpyrifos that varied according to job category; and dermal patch loading was significantly higher on the thighs than on the forearms. These findings support our hypotheses and support the need for research to examine neurobehavioral performance and exposures in this population. More importantly, the exposures reported here are sufficiently high to recommend urgent changes in work practices amongst these workers. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Age Factors Energy Metabolism Insecticides Nervous System Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Organophosphates Safety Skin
• Keywords:
  Age Factors Author Keywords: Organophosphorus Pesticides Biomonitoring Chlorpyrifos Dermal Exposure Dermal Patches Exposure Assessment Metabolites Neurological System Neurotoxic Effects Occupational Exposure Organophosphorus Pesticides Pesticide Applicators Skin Exposure TCPy Urinary

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• ISSN:
  0161-813X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; Oregon ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 2 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  297-304
• Volume:
  31
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20054706
• Citation:
  Neurotoxicology 2010 Jun; 31(3):297-304
• Contact Point Address:
  W. Kent Anger, Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology (CROET), Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
• Email:
  anger@ohsu.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol (CAS RN 6515-38-4) ; Chlorpyrifos (CAS RN 2921-88-2)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2010
• Performing Organization:
  University of Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Neurotoxicology
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c3f8df5f17274002d5a316bd74f4b11bd615d88a31bbd96ce15682ec4aae75cb5e9e323685e656663aba39f5db0cfa5b9ff335f9190ed698a6ca188f9504bcd2
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217156/cdc_217156_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 384.87 KB ]