Skin Absorption of Performance Amines Used in Metalworking Fluids

Details

• Personal Author:
  Baynes RE ; Brooks J ; Roux L ; Yeatts J
• Description:
  Every year, ten million workers are exposed to metalworking fluids (MWFs) which may be toxic, especially to the respiratory system and the skin. There are four types of MWFs: neat oils and three water-based MWFs (soluble oil, semi-synthetic and synthetic) which are diluted with water and whose composition varies according to the mineral oils ratio. MWFs also contain various additives such as biocides and corrosion inhibitors. The absorption of six amines used as corrosion inhibitors and biocides in MWF was determined in porcine-skin flow-through diffusion cell experiments with three radiolabeled ethanolamines (mono-, di- and tri-ethanolamine, MEA, DEA and TEA respectively) and a mixture of three GC-amenable amines (dibutylethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine and diphenylamine). The test compounds were dosed in four vehicles (water and three generic water-based MWF formulations) and analyzed using a scintillation counter or a gas chromatography/ mass spectrometer. The six compounds were significantly (p<0.05) more absorbed in water (e.g. 1.15 +/- 0.29 %dose (DEA in Water)) compared to other formulations (e.g. 0.13 +/- 0.01 %dose (DEA in semi-synthetic MWF)) and absorption was greatest for dibutylethanolamine in all the formulations. Generic soluble oil formulation tended to increase the permeability and the absorption of MEA, DEA and TEA. Permeability coefficients were significantly higher (p<0.05) with TEA relative to the other test compounds (e.g. 4.22E-04 +/- 5.3E-05 cm/h (TEA in synthetic MWF) VS 1.23E-04 +/- 1.0E-05 cm/h (MEA in synthetic MWF)), except for MEA in generic soluble oil formulation. Future research will confirm these findings with in vivo studies in pigs and dermatotoxicity studies will be conducted to compare the relative safety of these compounds in MWF. With this data, the MWF industry would be able to alter their MWF formulation to protect the metalworkers' health. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Amines Animals Ethanolamine Hazardous Substances Metals Metal Workers Occupational Health Safety Skin Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Animal Studies Biocides Chemical Hazards Dermal Absorption Dermal Exposures Metalworking Fluids Metalworking Industry MWFs Oils Physiological Effects Skin Exposure

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  138
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20053137
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2014 Mar; 138(1):569
• CAS Registry Number:
  Dicyclohexylamine (CAS RN 101-83-7) ; Diethanolamine (CAS RN 111-42-2) ; Ethanolamine (CAS RN 141-43-5) ; Triethanolamine (CAS RN 102-71-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2014
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Performing Organization:
  North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20000801
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 53rd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 23-27, 2014, Phonex, Arizona
• End Date:
  20150731
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:90c30e582263d655d5cd12e69062a557eb8093615fe9530e2777038d0d7686e44ec4f22b283e7f86eb31a05d959969ebf26a2cc474a80e0b15728c4cbb365d38
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/215954/cdc_215954_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 223.83 KB ]