Utility of Urinary 1-Naphthol and 2-Naphthol Levels to Assess Environmental Carbaryl and Naphthalene Exposure in an Epidemiology Study

Details

• Personal Author:
  Barr DB ; Hauser R ; Meeker JD ; Rappaport SM ; Serdar B
• Description:
  We recently reported associations between urinary 1-naphthol (1N) levels and several intermediate measures of male reproductive health, namely sperm motility, serum testosterone levels, and sperm DNA damage. However, because 1N is a major urinary metabolite of both naphthalene and the insecticide carbaryl, exposure misclassification stemming from differences in exposure source was probable and interpretation of the results was limited. As naphthalene, but not carbaryl, is also metabolized to 2-naphthol (2N), the relationship of urinary 1N to 2N within an individual may give information about source of 1N. Utilizing data from two previous studies that measured both 1N and 2N in urine of men exposed to either carbaryl or naphthalene, the present study employed several methods to differentiate urinary 1N arising from exposures to carbaryl and naphthalene among men in the reproductive health study. When re-evaluating the reproductive health data, techniques for identifying 1N source involved exploring interaction terms, stratifying the data set based on 1N/2N ratios, and performing an exposure calibration using a linear 1N to 2N relationship from a study of workers exposed to naphthalene in jet fuel. Despite some inconsistencies between the methods used to distinguish 1N source, we found that 1N from carbaryl exposure is likely responsible for the previously observed association between 1N and sperm motility, whereas 1N from naphthalene exposure is likely accountable for the association between 1N and sperm DNA damage.We demonstrate that studies of health effects associated with carbaryl should utilize a 1N/2N ratio to identify subgroups in which carbaryl is the primary source of 1N. Conversely, studies of naphthalene-related outcomes may utilize 2N levels to estimate exposure. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biomarkers Energy Metabolism Environmental Exposure Epidemiology Fuel Oils Insecticides Men Occupational Health Safety Urine Urogenital System

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• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Biomarker Carbaryl DNA Damage Environmental Exposure Exposure Measurement Error Fertility Fuels Health Effects Humans Infertility Jet Engine Fuels Metabolism Metabolites Naphthalene Naphthol Pesticides Reproductive Effects Reproductive Health Sampling Urinalysis Urine Chemistry

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• ISSN:
  1559-0631
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Florida ; Georgia ; Massachusetts ; Michigan ; North Carolina ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  314-320
• Volume:
  17
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20057806
• Citation:
  J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2007 Jul; 17(4):314-320
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr. J. Meeker, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Room M6226 SHP II, 109 S. Observatory St Ann Arbor, MI 48109
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbaryl (CAS RN 63-25-2) ; Naphthalene (CAS RN 91-20-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2007
• Performing Organization:
  Harvard School of Public Health
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:81073e5aa0c219061460d48785b34d853467ffb506b43a58317c2ab7909ad2fdf56617f79acdb90df94666d2d9a03c97949e0af571a2b34fae562e87b0ad66c8
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/215031/cdc_215031_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 178.89 KB ]