Perspective on Current Alternatives in Nanotoxicology Research

Details

• Personal Author:
  Roberts, Jennifer R. ; Stueckle, Todd A.
• Description:
  The evolution of nanotechnology proceeds at an unprecedented rate due to major investments in research and development from public and private sectors. Incorporation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into novel or replacement technologies has impacted a diverse number of industrial, commercial, consumer, and health-care services and products. Use of ENMs in many industries has, however, raised concerns with all routes of exposure (dermal, oral, inhalation, and parenteral) in occupational, consumer, and environmental settings. Given the sheer number, diversity, and wide use of ENMs, toxicology studies are unable to keep pace. Risk-assessment frameworks specific to nanomaterials that incorporate alternative testing have been proposed. However, most of the past and current models depend heavily on mammalian animal model testing. These time- and resource-intensive studies, although informative, are clearly unable to assess the avalanche of ENM-enabled technologies and the wide range of exposures that may result. This fact, coupled with general societal pressure to reduce animal use, has resulted in calls for tiered and integrative testing strategies using high-throughput in silico, in vitro, and other alternative models to screen and assess ENMs along their chemical life cycle. ... To date, much progress has been made in improving in silico, in vitro, and ex vivo model systems with increased complexity and with promising predictivity of tissue-level responses. Minimally invasive collection of complex animal tissues for screening approaches to understand NP fate and bio-reactivity can help bridge the large divide between simple in vitro screening systems and whole-tissue or organ-system responses. However, we are increasingly learning that biological systemic responses and toxicities (e.g., adaptive immune, cardiovascular, and neurological responses) can occur systemically to the original portal of entry. As alternative models improve their predictivity of tissue-level responses, organ-level and systemic responses remain a long-term goal and will require novel integration of a number of innovative approaches to get there. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Biochemistry Biological Assay Chemistry Hazardous Substances Laboratories Occupational Health Safety Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Analytical Models Analytical Processes Animal Studies Bioassays Biochemical Tests Biological Effects Cell Culture Techniques Chemical Properties Emerging Technology Exposure Assessment Exposure Methods Humans Industrial Engineering In Vitro Studies In Vivo Studies Laboratory Animals Laboratory Techniques Materials Testing Medical Research Models Nanomaterials Nanotechnology Nanotoxicology Physical Properties Risk Assessment Screening Methods Stem Cells Tissue Culture Toxic Materials

  More +
• ISSN:
  2332-1512
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  111-113
• Volume:
  5
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20057341
• Citation:
  Appl In Vitro Toxicol 2019 Sep; 5(3):111-113
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr. Jenny R. Roberts, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505
• Email:
  jur6@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Applied In Vitro Toxicology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:5612b1ef275f683646c681c38ae144755d56afb44eb421c5f1df90935dd6ac25d3c597cad2f8e6aa234a8e82ad43685a8905c875059b75a34e39f0351b057239
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/214726/cdc_214726_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 61.08 KB ]