The Relationship Between Multiple Myeloma and Occupational Exposure to Six Chlorinated Solvents

Details

• Personal Author:
  Blair, Austin ; Davis S ; De Roos AJ ; Gold LS ; Hartge P ; Milliken K ; Purdue M ; Seixas, Noah S. ; Severson R ; Stewart PA ; Blair, Austin ; Davis S ; De Roos AJ ; Gold LS ; Hartge P ; Milliken K ; Purdue M ; Seixas, Noah S. ; Severson R ; Stewart PA
• Description:
  Objectives: Few studies have examined whether exposure to chlorinated solvents is associated with multiple myeloma. We evaluated associations between multiple myeloma and occupational exposure to six chlorinated solvents: 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene (TCE), methylene chloride (DCM), perchloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride and chloroform. Methods: In-person interviews obtained occupational histories and information on jobs with likely solvent exposure. We assigned exposure metrics of probability, frequency, intensity and confidence using job-exposure matrices modified by job-specific questionnaire information. We used logistic regression to estimate ORs and 95% CIs for associations between multiple myeloma and ever exposure to each, and any, chlorinated solvent and analysed whether associations varied by duration and cumulative exposure. We also considered all occupations that were given the lowest confidence scores as unexposed and repeated all analyses. Results: Risk of multiple myeloma was elevated for subjects ever exposed to 1,1,1-trichloroethane (OR (95% CI): 1.8 (1.1 to 2.9)). Ever exposure to TCE or DCM also entailed elevated, but not statistically significant, risks of multiple myeloma; these became statistically significant when occupations with low confidence scores were considered unexposed (TCE: 1.7 (1.0 to 2.7); DCM: 2.0 (1.2 to 3.2)). Increasing cumulative exposure to perchloroethylene was also associated with increasing multiple myeloma risk. We observed non-significantly increased multiple myeloma risks with exposure to chloroform; however, few subjects were exposed. Conclusions: Evidence from this relatively large case-control study suggests that exposures to certain chlorinated solvents may be associated with increased incidence of multiple myeloma; however, the study is limited by relatively low participation (52%) among controls. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Neoplasms Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Cancer Rates Chlorinated Solvents Lymphatic Cancer Myeloid Tissue Occupational Exposure
• ISSN:
  1351-0711
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article ; Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; Michigan ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Virginia ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  391-399
• Volume:
  68
• Issue:
  6
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20056508
• Citation:
  Occup Environ Med 2011 Jun; 68(6):391-399
• Contact Point Address:
  Laura Gold, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, PO Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
• Email:
  goldl@u.washington.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  1,1,1-Trichloroethane (CAS RN 71-55-6) ; Carbon tetrachloride (CAS RN 56-23-5) ; Chloroform (CAS RN 67-66-3) ; Dichloromethane (CAS RN 75-09-2) ; Tetrachloroethylene (CAS RN 127-18-4) ; Trichloroethylene (CAS RN 79-01-6) ; 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (CAS RN 71-55-6) ; Carbon tetrachloride (CAS RN 56-23-5) ; Chloroform (CAS RN 67-66-3) ; Dichloromethane (CAS RN 75-09-2) ; Tetrachloroethylene (CAS RN 127-18-4) ; Trichloroethylene (CAS RN 79-01-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2011
• Performing Organization:
  University of Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Occupational and Environmental Medicine
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:cbe230dedc73cae058b321d1ab1731ef632e72f128d525954151aba56d4e6a936e4c45ad7360e3340fff5168338e4c3b2ec004282eb475de7ba55eb850d486ca
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/214106/cdc_214106_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 116.41 KB ]