Assessment of the Contribution of Indoor Surface Residues to SVOC Exposure: Nicotine as a Model Compound

Details

• Personal Author:
  Cooper EL ; Kissel JC ; Shirai JH
• Description:
  Many semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) have been identified in indoor environments. In cases in which mass balance is possible, human exposures based on biomarker measurements often exceed those predicted from environmental and dietary data using conventional approaches. Chronic, low-level, whole-body dermal absorption, which is typically not included in exposure assessments, is a plausible explanation. In indoor environments contaminated by tobacco smoke, chronic dermal exposure to surface residues is inevitable. Concern over children's exposures to components of so-called Third Hand Smoke has resulted in collection of relevant data including environmental nicotine and urinary cotinine for a few study populations. Review of this literature suggests that direct inhalation and dust ingestion generally cannot fully explain apparent exposures. A model that combines a fugacity-based multi-compartment indoor environment transport component with a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic component has been applied to children's aggregate exposure to nicotine. Results indicate that chronic, low-level dermal exposure may actually be the primary route of nicotine exposure in children residing with indoor smokers. Nicotine provides an attractive case study for the investigation of the contribution of the dermal pathway to indoor non-dietary semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) exposure because 1) nicotine is known to be well absorbed via skin, 2) nicotine is metabolized quickly and excreted in urine, and 3) the aforementioned data are available. The approach can be extended to SVOCs more generally. Other candidates for non-trivial contribution of dermal exposure to aggregate indoor exposure include commonly encountered household chemicals such as pesticides, flame retardants and plasticizers. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Nicotine Occupational Health Safety Skin Skin Absorption
• Keywords:
  Chemicals Children Dermal Absorption Indoor Environments Skin Absorption
• Publisher:
  Society for Risk Analysis
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 9 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20056098
• Citation:
  Society for Risk Analysis 2012 Annual Meeting, December 9-12 2012, San Francisco, California. McLean, VA: Society for Risk Analysis, 2012 Dec; :M2-C.4
• Email:
  jkissel@u.washington.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  (-)-Nicotine (CAS RN 54-11-5)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2013
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Performing Organization:
  University of Cincinnati
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20020901
• Source Full Name:
  Society for Risk Analysis 2012 Annual Meeting, December 9-12 2012, San Francisco, California
• End Date:
  20130731
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:76411847f89da355e55c19ef1384e0c597f530596e529c78e13fda37cc671cd0ac8a6f30b64e2cfe4ad7a493fef019d084a49fd5f4646c65556a000abfc8430d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/213777/cdc_213777_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 212.78 KB ]