Assessment of the Contribution of Indoor Dermal Pathways to Exposure to SVOCS

Details

• Personal Author:
  Cousins A ; Kissel JC ; Shirai J
• Description:
  Background/Aims: Increasingly available biomonitoring data provide evidence of widespread human exposure to large numbers of chemicals. In some cases, dominant exposure pathways are evident. However, in the case of nonoccupational exposures to chemicals found in consumer products, multiple exposure pathways may be relatively important contributors. Although attempts to parse aggregate exposures are becoming common, data sets that actually permit use of a mass balance approach remain relatively rare. Even where mass balance is possible, use of uncertain or conservative estimates may conceal a gap between the sum of predicted inputs and observed outputs. Aggregate assessments often contain component estimates that vary dramatically in quality. Dermal exposures in particular are often dismissed on the basis of calculations that are not well considered. Methods: Prior experience with selected pesticide data (chlorpyrifos, 2,4-D, pentachlorophenol) from CTEPP suggests that dermal exposure contributed non-negligibly to children's exposures to those compounds in that study. Building on that work, we have constructed a fugacity-based indoor fate and transport model that includes a multi-compartment human with a credible skin barrier. Results: Application of the fate and transport model to indoor exposure scenarios for multiple chemicals for which appropriate environmental and biomarker data are available is proceeding in pursuit of mass-transfer-related factors that lead to consistent explanations for dermal phenomena across a range of chemicals. Conclusion: In the case of SVOCs that persist in indoor environments, chronic dermal exposures are inevitable. This is especially true for chemicals present in bulk quantities in building materials such as plasticizers and flame-retardants. Credible estimates of the magnitude of those inevitable exposures are needed to inform future consumer product regulations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Insecticides Occupational Health Safety Skin Skin Absorption
• Keywords:
  Chemicals Children Chlorpyrifos Dermal Absorption Indoor Environments Pesticides And Agricultural Chemicals Skin Absorption
• ISSN:
  1044-3983
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  22
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20056097
• Citation:
  Epidemiology 2011 Jan; 22(1)(January Supplement 2011):S87
• CAS Registry Number:
  Chlorpyrifos (CAS RN 2921-88-2)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2011
• NORA Priority Area:
  Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing ; Manufacturing
• Performing Organization:
  University of Cincinnati
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20020901
• Source Full Name:
  Epidemiology. ISEE 22nd Annual Conference, August 28-September 1, 2010, Seoul, Korea
• Supplement:
  January Supplement 2011
• End Date:
  20130731
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7f3185a42c38bc0df7f3d05af65d8c4da9197705ebf7ee8435c326bcc31cd3a5b0b9ec2d996ef7fb9b52c05af7ff0b4afb9b69bd05506ae315b78bdc1f67cde3
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/213776/cdc_213776_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 58.46 KB ]