In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Inflammatory Responses Elicited by Different Types of Rock Dust: Similarities and Material-Specific Differences

Details

• Personal Author:
  Guppi S ; Harper M ; Kisin ER ; Lee T ; Menas A ; Schwegler-Berry D ; Shvedova AA ; Yanamala N
• Description:
  Rock dusting in underground coal mines helps to prevent the propagation of coal dust explosions. The commonly used rock dust refers to limestone or marble dusts which may be utilized as is or treated to prevent clumping under high humidity conditions. Although potential occupational exposures to rock dust are real, safety or toxicity information on such exposures are largely lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity, cellular damage and inflammatory responses of respirable untreated limestone (UL) and marble (UM) rock dust as well as to examine whether the treatment of dust affects the outcomes. Human lung epithelial cells (A549) were exposed for 24 and 72 h to various concentrations (0 - 1mg/ml) of four rock dust samples. The results showed dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity and cell damage with the least effect upon exposure to treated limestone (TL). The extent of inflammatory responses evaluated by the number of cytokines produced and released, increased with the concentration of tested materials. Clustering analysis of the inflammatory cytokines/chemokines revealed an overall stronger effect of marble compared to limestone samples. Furthermore, untreated rock dust induced a greater inflammatory response as compared to treated samples in both cases. Similar to the cytotoxic and cell damage results, treated limestone revealed the lowest inflammatory response compared to other samples. Overall, our results unveiled treatment related differences as well as material dependent changes in biological responses. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cells, Cultured Cytotoxins Dust Environmental Exposure Hazardous Substances Immune System Lung Mining Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Safety Toxicology

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• Keywords:
  Biological Effects Cell Cultures Cell Culture Techniques Cell Damage Cellular Effects Cytokines Cytotoxic Effects Cytotoxicity Dose Response Dust Exposure Dust Inhalation Dust Particles Employee Exposure Exposure Assessment Exposure Levels Humans Immune Reaction Immune System In Vitro Study Limestone Lung Cells Marble Respirable Dust Rock Dusting Toxic Effects Toxic Materials Underground Mining

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Florida ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 6 ; Pennsylvania ; Texas ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  29
• Volume:
  162
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20051138
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2018 Mar; 162(1):29
• CAS Registry Number:
  Limestone (CAS RN 1317-65-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 57th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 11-15, 2018, San Antonio, Texas
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:5008c6b5e0179f998638c4c1ff6d94663e53006cbe62b69e4ae69b25f5f3508817ca6de6fac9d4918db359eba8b36e5729d7a121ddf69ef07ca5eee6f3763163
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/211246/cdc_211246_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 838.75 KB ]