Maternal Occupational Cadmium Exposure and Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts

Details

• Personal Author:
  Agopian AJ ; Burns TL ; Cao Y ; Conway K ; Rajaraman P ; Rocheleau CM ; Romitti PA ; Stewart P ; Suhl J
• Corporate Authors:
  National Birth Defects Prevention Network
• Description:
  Background: Cigarette smoking is a well-studied risk factor for orofacial clefts (OFCs). Little is known about which constituents in cigarette smoke contribute to this teratogenicity in humans. One constituent, cadmium, has been associated with OFCs in animal studies; in humans, the role of maternal cadmium exposure on OFCs, independent of cigarette smoke, is unclear. In particular, the relation between maternal occupational cadmium exposure and OFCs is largely unexplored. Methods: Using data from a large, population-based case-control study, we compared expert rater assessed maternal occupational cadmium exposure from self-reported occupational histories during the period 1 month before through 3 months after conception between OFC cases (n=1,185) and unaffected controls (n=2,832). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals for any (yes/no) and cumulative (no, low, high exposure) occupational cadmium exposures and all OFCs, cleft lip+cleft palate (CL/ P) and cleft palate (CP). Results: Overall, 45 mothers (cases=13, controls=32) were rated as having occupational cadmium exposure. Comparing all OFCs to controls, we observed inverse, nonsignificant aORs for any or low exposure, and positive, nonsignificant aORs for high exposure. Where data were available, aORs for CL/P and CP tended to parallel those for all OFCs. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to specifically examine maternal occupational cadmium exposure and OFCs, using expert rater exposure assessment. The small numbers of exposed mothers observed, however, led to imprecise estimates. Continued research using more detailed occupational exposure assessment and increased sample sizes is recommended. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Cadmium Environmental Exposure Laboratories Metals Occupational Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Smokers Teratogenesis Tobacco Products Women

  More +
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Cadmium Birth Defects Cigarette Smoke Cigarette Smoking Cleft Lip Cleft Palate Exposure Assessment Exposure Levels Humans Laboratory Animals Metal Metal Compounds Metallic Compounds Occupation Occupations Risk Factors

  More +
• ISSN:
  2472-1727
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  District of Columbia ; Iowa ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 6 ; OSHA Region 7 ; Texas ; Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  110
• Issue:
  7
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20050953
• Citation:
  Birth Defects Res 2018 Apr; 110(7):603-609
• Contact Point Address:
  Paul A. Romitti, Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 145 N Riverside Dr, S416 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242
• Email:
  paul-romitti@uiowa.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Cadmium (CAS RN 7440-43-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Performing Organization:
  University of Iowa
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Birth Defects Research
• End Date:
  20290630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:ae9014759e059d8ca1a7c50442a522acf026d25dd71fb90c8ad8a37a544596dd741d71df202a7d7e339c3ae57b55b5400a63e8a394fe05643ec5f125a67b33a0
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/211129/cdc_211129_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 312.61 KB ]