Occupational Segregation and Hypertension Inequity: The Implication of the Inverse Hazard Law Among Healthcare Workers

Details

• Personal Author:
  Batterman S ; Ding N ; Gold EB ; Harlow SD ; Mukherjee B ; Park SK ; Randolph JF Jr.
• Description:
  Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been associated with earlier natural menopause; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood, particularly the extent to which this relationship is mediated by sex hormones. We analyzed data (1999-2017) on 1,120 premenopausal women from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Causal mediation analysis was applied to quantify the degree to which follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol levels could mediate the associations between PFAS and incident natural menopause. Participants with higher PFAS concentrations had shorter times to natural menopause, with a relative survival of 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69, 0.96) for linear perfluorooctane sulfonate (n-PFOS), 0.84 (95% CI: 0.69, 1.00) for sum of branched-chain perfluorooctane sulfonate (Sm-PFOS), 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.93) for linear-chain perfluorooctanoate (n-PFOA), and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.71, 0.97) for perfluorononanoate (PFNA), comparing the highest tertile of PFAS concentrations with the lowest. The proportion of the effect mediated through FSH was 8.5% (95% CI: -11.7, 24.0) for n-PFOS, 13.2% (95% CI: 0.0, 24.5) for Sm-PFOS, 26.9% (95% CI: 15.6, 38.4) for n-PFOA, and 21.7% (6.8, 37.0) for PFNA. No significant mediation by estradiol was observed. The effect of PFAS on natural menopause may be partially explained by variations in FSH concentrations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cohort Studies Endocrine System Occupational Health Safety Urogenital System Women
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals Chemicals Cohort Studies Endocrine Disruptors Estrogen Follicle-stimulating Hormone Hormone Activity Hormones Longitudinal Study Mediation Analysis Menopause Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Perfluoroalkyl Substances PFAS Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Reproductive System

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• ISSN:
  0002-9262
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Michigan ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  191
• Issue:
  7
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20066012
• Citation:
  Am J Epidemiol 2022 Jul; 191(7):1212-1223
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr. Sung Kyun Park, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, M5541 SPH II, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029
• Email:
  sungkyun@umich.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9-Hexadecafluorononanoic acid (CAS RN 76-21-1) ; Perfluorocarbons (CAS RN 308069-13-8) ; Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (CAS RN 1763-23-1) ; Perfluorooctanoic acid (CAS RN 335-67-1)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2022
• Performing Organization:
  University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Epidemiology
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c515a51c5273a8c28b5ead10fe7caeaf65bd7a83e2928be26b4480bf6c022cdd5258b4e2df84d037c27b629203a27f68b7f13de0d97a50d7dfdd121d2b95c512
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/209100/cdc_209100_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 443.43 KB ]