Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity and relative pathogenicity of mineral dusts

Details

• Personal Author:
  Clere J ; Green FH ; Reasor M ; Schwegler D ; Stettler L ; Vallyathan V
• Description:
  The in-vitro cellular and in-vivo pathological reactions to various well characterized minerals were examined. Histopathological changes arising in Fischer-344-rats intratracheally instilled with aliquots of various mineral dusts were studied. The dusts used included barite (13462867), bentonite (1302789), coal, feldspar, kaolin (1332587), silica (14808607), talc (14807966), and vermiculite (1318009). Indicators of cytotoxicity were taken to be the release of alveolar macrophage enzyme and sheep red cell hemolysis. Reactions induced by instillation of 5 milligrams of bentonite, silica and kaolin were examined at 1, 7, 90, and 180 days. While all three produced an acute inflammatory cellular response in-vivo, only silica induced a progressive granulomatous and fibrotic response. Bentonite and kaolin were more hemolytic than silica. Kaolin induced greater release of macrophage cytosolic and lysosomal enzymes than silica and bentonite inhibited the activity of alveolar macrophage enzymes. The pulmonary response to bentonite and kaolin was temporary, resolving completely by 6 months after exposure. The authors conclude that in-vivo animal studies are the best indicators of pulmonary fibrogenic potential in humans, and that the two in-vitro assays used in this study did not reflect the fibrogenic potential of the mineral dusts. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Cytotoxins Dust Laboratories Lung Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety
• Keywords:
  Airborne-dusts Alveolar-cells Cytotoxicity Dust-exposure In-vitro-studies Laboratory-animals Lung-cells Mineral-dusts NIOSH-Author Pulmonary-system-disorders
• ISBN:
  0080341853
• ISSN:
  0003-4878
• Publisher:
  Pergamon Press
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DBBS - Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  279-289
• Volume:
  32
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00188537
• Citation:
  Ann Occup Hyg, Inhaled Particles VI 1988 Dec; 32(Suppl 1):279-289
• CAS Registry Number:
  Barite (CAS RN 13462-86-7) ; Bentonite (CAS RN 1302-78-9) ; Kaolin (CAS RN 1332-58-7) ; Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7) ; Talc (Mg3H2(SiO3)4) (CAS RN 14807-96-6) ; Vermiculite (Mg0.33[Mg2-3(Al0-1Fe0-1)0-1](Si2.33-3.33Al0.67-1.67)(OH)2O10.4H2O) (CAS RN 1318-00-9)
• Editor(s):
  Dodgson J; McCallum RI; Bailey MR; Fisher DR
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1989
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Inhaled Particles VI
• Supplement:
  1
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3853c891cc327e2e7d550c652ab25b9789a793442bca33c8b9d1449d1fd26806f80bbf70dd9171fe9fccc09e264c16a01f4545b1619261145102ebcf4d62716c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/204361/cdc_204361_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.37 MB ]