A life cycle approach to engineered nanomaterial toxicity to provide context to potential health effects

Details

• Personal Author:
  Afshari A ; Battelli L ; Birch, M. Eileen ; Bishop L ; Bunker K ; Casuccio G ; Cena L ; Dahm, Matthew M. ; Erdely A ; Evans DE ; Eye T ; Geraci, Charles L. ; Kang J ; Kashon ML ; Kodali V ; Lowry DT ; Mercer RR ; Mitchell CA ; Orandle M ; Sager T ; Sargent LM ; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. ; Schwegler-Berry D ; Siegrist KJ ; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. ; Yanamala N ; Zeidler-Erdely PC ; Afshari A ; Battelli L ; Birch, M. Eileen ; Bishop L ; Bunker K ; Casuccio G ; Cena L ; Dahm, Matthew M. ; Erdely A ; Evans DE ; Eye T ; Geraci, Charles L. ; Kang J ; Kashon ML ; Kodali V ; Lowry DT ; Mercer RR ; Mitchell CA ; Orandle M ; Sager T ; Sargent LM ; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. ; Schwegler-Berry D ; Siegrist KJ ; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. ; Yanamala N ; Zeidler-Erdely PC
• Description:
  Pulmonary toxicity studies primarily focus on as-produced engineered nanomaterials and rarely are guided by a life cycle perspective or integration with exposure assessment. Understanding toxicity beyond the as-produced (AP) material is critical, due to modifications needed to overcome barriers to commercialization of applications. We evaluated the toxicity of AP multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT: 16 nm diameter, 1-2 microm length), their polymer-coated (PC) counterparts (polyurethane or a proprietary poly(arylene ethynylene)), and the respirable aerosols generated from sanding (fine, P320) the PC nanotube-embedded or neat composites from two separate companies. Polymer coating minimizes the percent MWCNT incorporation into the composite, permits ease in handling, and can decrease dustiness thereby reducing potential inhalation exposures downstream. Male C57BL/6J mice exposed by oropharyngeal aspiration to 4 or 40 microg were harvested 1, 7, 28, and 84 d post-exposure. Using workplace exposure assessment to guide in vivo study design (e.g. deposited dose and material preparations to emulate personal breathing zone collections), dose- and time-dependent measures of pulmonary cytotoxicity, inflammation, and histopathology were expectedly observed for the AP MWCNT. Polymer coating the MWCNT did not enhance the pulmonary toxicity of AP nanotubes and toxicity was significantly attenuated with one coating. The aerosols generated from sanding composites embedded with PC nanotubes (0.15-3% by weight) contained no evidence of free nanotubes, and were primarily micron-sized particles with some MWCNT protrusions. Following pulmonary exposure, if the percent weight incorporation of PC nanotubes and composite matrix utilized altered particle size distribution, acute in vivo toxicity was affected, and if unaltered, toxicity was not different. Our study provides perspective that while the number of workers and consumers increases along the life cycle, toxicity and/or potential for exposure to the as-produced material may greatly diminish. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Cytotoxins Dust Hazardous Substances Immune System Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Particulate Matter Polymers Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Toxicology

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• Keywords:
  Breathing Zone Carbon Nanotubes Coatings Cytotoxic Effects Cytotoxicity Exposure Assessment Histopathology Immune Reaction Immune System In Vivo Study Laboratory Animals Laboratory Testing Life Stages Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes MWCNT Nanomaterials Nanotechnology Nanotoxicology Nanotubes Particle Diameter Particle Size Pulmonary Effects Pulmonary System Disorders Respirable Dust Toxic Materials Ultrafine Particles

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary ; Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Pennsylvania ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies ; DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology ; RHD - Respiratory Health Division ; EID - Education and Information Division ; HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies ; DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology ; RHD - Respiratory Health Division ; EID - Education and Information Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Volume:
  156
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20049488
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2017 Mar; 156(1):448
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon nanotubes (CAS RN 308068-56-6) ; Carbon nanotubes (CAS RN 308068-56-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• NORA Priority Area:
  Healthcare and Social Assistance ; Services ; Manufacturing ; Healthcare and Social Assistance ; Services ; Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 56th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 12-16, 2017, Baltimore, Maryland
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:b6600c168c5f98c53834695d64c7978f2fdf0d412600edee53fccc01b5faff0a1b02a9dcd1ec3dc635b0fcc6f69997f101df6dbc575621ae8bff7986deee9612
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/203929/cdc_203929_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 946.50 KB ]