Considerations for using genetic and epigenetic information in occupational health risk assessment and standard setting

Details

• Personal Author:
  Curran CP ; Schulte, Paul A. ; Whittaker C
• Description:
  Risk assessment forms the basis for both occupational health decision-making and the development of occupational exposure limits (OELs). Although genetic and epigenetic data have not been widely used in risk assessment and ultimately, standard setting, it is possible to envision such uses. A growing body of literature demonstrates that genetic and epigenetic factors condition biological responses to occupational and environmental hazards or serve as targets of them. This presentation addresses the considerations for using genetic and epigenetic information in risk assessments, provides guidance on using this information within the classic risk assessment paradigm, and describes a framework to organize thinking about such uses. The framework is a 4×4 matrix involving the risk assessment functions (hazard identification, dose-response modeling, exposure assessment, and risk characterization) on one axis and inherited and acquired genetic and epigenetic data on the other axis. The cells in the matrix identify how genetic and epigenetic data can be used for each risk assessment function. Generally, genetic and epigenetic data might be used as endpoints in hazard identification, as indicators of exposure, as effect modifiers in exposure assessment and dose-response modeling, as descriptors ofmode of action, and to characterize toxicity pathways. Vast amounts of genetic and epigenetic data may be generated by high-throughput technologies. These data can be useful for assessing variability and reducing uncertainty in extrapolations, and they may serve as the foundation upon which identification of biological perturbations would lead to a new paradigm of toxicity pathway-based risk assessments. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biological Factors Biomarkers Environmental Exposure Environmental Pollution Genetics Occupational Health Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Gene-environment Interaction Biological-effects Biological-factors Biological-function Cell-biology Cellular-function Dose-response Environmental-hazards Exposure-levels Genes Genetic-factors Genotype Hazards Models Molecular Epidemiology Polymorphisms Risk-factors Xenobiotic

  More +
• ISSN:
  1545-9624
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Florida ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  EID - Education and Information Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  12
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20047042
• Citation:
  J Occup Environ Hyg 2015 Nov; 12(Suppl 1):S69-S81
• Contact Point Address:
  Paul A. Schulte, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Education and Information Division, 4676 Columbia Parkway, MS-C14 Cincinnati, OH 45226
• Email:
  PSchulte@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2016
• Performing Organization:
  Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• Supplement:
  1
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:f8b5556a447702583ce63b39aed076bd15b602b7205574a7752253fcee852853fee161fb51bf392faf223030e5c7e3e069d84d3eb072adbe8559d9847f57f170
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/202273/cdc_202273_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 601.75 KB ]