Mechanical and Bioelectric Responses of Guinea-Pig Airways to Mucosal Hyperosmolar (HO) and Isosmolar (IO) Solutions

Details

• Personal Author:
  Dowdy JA ; Fedan, Jeffery S. ; Van Scott MR ; Wu DXY
• Description:
  Asthmatics experience obstruction during exercise, due to an increase in the osmolarity of the airway surface liquid, and after inhalation of HO aerosols. The mechanism of the response to changes in osmolarity was examined by comparing the effects of mucosal HO (osmolyte added to Krebs solution) and I0 (osmolyte added to water) solutions on mechanical responses of serosal methacholine (3xIO.7 M)-contracted perfused trachea (PT) and short circuit current (Isc) responses of the epithelium. HO D-mannitol (D-M), NMDG-gluconate (N-G), urea (U), NaCl or KCI caused relaxation of the PT. Perfusion with I0 solutions of these osmolytes caused variable responses (contraction, contraction/relaxation, no response, or, rarely, relaxation), but subsequent HO addition of the same osmolyte to the I0 perfusate always triggered relaxation. HO D-M, N-G and U decreased Isc, whereas HO NaCI and KCI increased Isc. I0 solutions of the three ionic osmolytes, N-G, NaCI and KCI, decreased Isc, but subsequent HO addition of these osmolytes stimulated Isc responses similar to those obtained after adding them to Krebs solution. Thus, the mechanical responses to HO or I0 osmolyte solutions were independent of the ionic nature or permeance of the solute. Relaxation was associated with an increase in osmolarity. The bioelectric effects of I0 solutions of osmolytes were similar, but those of HO solutions were agent-specific. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Animals Asthma Asthma, Occupational Laboratories Occupational Health Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety
• Keywords:
  Airway-obstruction Animal-studies Bioelectric-effects Bronchial-asthma Laboratory-animals Mechanical-properties Pulmonary-system-disorders Respiratory-system-disorders
• ISSN:
  0892-6638
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary ; Proceedings
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  17
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20023068
• Citation:
  FASEB J 2003 Mar; 17(5):A1046
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2003
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The FASEB Journal, Experimental Biology 2003, San Diego, California, April 11-15, 2003
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:6c23a2172944ddb89381bab7ab95e7993d51237b3429e554fbdee435bc3e241fe1c82f0beaf57932af430a217912601b2dd8f07d0465db04ca19e5c40f296172
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199652/cdc_199652_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 120.13 KB ]