Effects of Hypertonic Solutions in Guinea-Pig Isolated Perfused Trachea: Comparison of Solutes

Details

• Personal Author:
  Cuttler D ; Fedan, Jeffery S. ; Johnston RA ; Rengasamy A
• Description:
  Hypertonic solutions induce obstruction in asthmatic patients. Hypertonic NaCl and KCl evoke epithelium-dependent relaxation of guinea-pig isolated, perfused trachea (IPT), a preparation in which agents can be added separately to the basolateral (extraluminal, EL) or mucosal (intraluminal, IL) bath. We compared responses of EL-methacholine(3 x 10-7 M)-contracted IPT to hypertonic mannitol, N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG) and urea. Mannitol and NMDG added to the EL or IL bath elicited relaxation responses, being more potent in the IL bath. EL mannitol elicited contractile responses in lower concentrations in many preparations, and relaxation was followed by contraction in higher concentrations of EL mannitol and NMDG. Likewise, EL urea caused contraction in low concentrations and contractile responses to higher concentrations were preceded by relaxation; IL urea caused only relaxation. Both the EL-contractile and the IL-relaxant responses to urea were attenuated in tracheas from which the epithelium was removed. The possibility that organic osmolytes involved in cell volume regulation could mediate the contractile or relaxant responses was examined. In tracheal strips, taurine, sorbitol, myo-inositol and betaine did not initiate contractile or relaxant responses. Our findings suggest that hypertonicity elicits complex responses in the airways which are agent-specific, epithelium-dependent, polarized across the epithelium, and not mediated by organic osmolytes. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Asthma Laboratories Lung Diseases Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety
• Keywords:
  Airway Obstruction Airway Resistance Animal Studies Bronchial Asthma Laboratory Animals Pulmonary System Disorders Respiratory System Disorders
• ISSN:
  1073-449X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary ; Proceedings
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  161
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20020923
• Citation:
  Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000 Mar; 161(3):A157
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2000
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:88eebc34ca0743afd07ce123f7ad9412a9966702fbb0d27760337ff4f16ac2c42851bb4c20fbd90ebd6a665619d24d3c5c9d74a05fb4be70ceb92ba86ff0a492
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/198552/cdc_198552_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 369.39 KB ]