Enhanced Pulmonary Response to the Inhalation of Freshly Fractured Silica as Compared with Aged Dust Exposure

Details

• Personal Author:
  Barger M ; Blackford J ; Bowman L ; Castranova, Vincent ; Dalal NS ; Dey R ; Hubbs A ; Ma JY ; Miles PR ; Pack D ; Pailes WH ; Schwegler-Berry D ; Shoemaker DA ; Vallyathan V ; Weber KC ; Xiang J ; Barger M ; Blackford J ; Bowman L ; Castranova, Vincent ; Dalal NS ; Dey R ; Hubbs A ; Ma JY ; Miles PR ; Pack D ; Pailes WH ; Schwegler-Berry D ; Shoemaker DA ; Vallyathan V ; Weber KC ; Xiang J
• Description:
  The effects of freshly ground silica (14808607) particles and aged silica dust were compared in-vivo to determine if the inhalation of freshly cleaved silica was more toxic and inflammatory than exposure to aged silica of the same composition and particle size. Male Fischer-344-rats were exposed to filtered air (control), freshly milled silica, or aged silica. Silica exposed animals inhaled concentrations of 20mg/m3 silica in air for 5 hours/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks; pulmonary responses were determined 1 to 3 days after exposure. Following exposure, animals were sacrificed, and lungs and trachea were weighed and lavaged. The measurement of surface radials via electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that freshly milled quartz particles displayed 54% more silicon based free radicals than aged silica. Aged silica exposed rats displayed significantly increased levels of total cells, red blood cells, and leukocytes harvested via bronchoalveolar lavage. Freshly milled quartz exposed animals displayed significantly more alveolar damage and inflammation compared to animals exposed to aged silica. Acellular levels of both protein and phospholipid in the lavage were significantly increased after the inhalation of aged silica. The authors conclude that the inhalation of freshly cleaved silica causes significantly greater cytotoxicity and inflammation compared to equal concentrations of aged silica. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cytotoxins Dust Histology Laboratories Lung Occupational Health Quartz Respiratory System Safety Silicon Dioxide
• Keywords:
  Alveolar-cells Cytotoxic-effects Dust-inhalation In-vivo-study Inhalation-studies Laboratory-animals Lung-function Lung-irritants NIOSH-Author Pulmonary-function Quartz-dust Silica-dusts

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• ISSN:
  1047-322X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article ; Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies ; DBBS - Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences ; DPSE - Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering ; DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies ; DBBS - Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences ; DPSE - Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Volume:
  11
• Issue:
  7
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00235408
• Citation:
  Appl Occup Environ Hyg 1996 Jul; 11(7):937-941
• Contact Point Address:
  Vincent Castranova, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
• CAS Registry Number:
  Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7) ; Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1996
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:e7f457d324bbe9c4cc7adb631a444820a46bf7e18eb22120e87560829a0b26f39a12990bf38d16936b2c5fa57eff8b751f42b4ed325c8bd8478ed594a94f563c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/197773/cdc_197773_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 628.35 KB ]