Freshly Fractured Quartz Inhalation Leads to Enhanced Lung Injury and Inflammation. Potential Role of Free Radicals

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Hubbs, Ann F. ; Khan A ; Leonard, Stephanie ; McLaurin JL ; Pack D ; Pretty JR ; Ramsey DM ; Shoemaker DA ; Shumaker J ; Teass A ; Vallyathan V ; Castranova, Vincent ; Hubbs, Ann F. ; Khan A ; Leonard, Stephanie ; McLaurin JL ; Pack D ; Pretty JR ; Ramsey DM ; Shoemaker DA ; Shumaker J ; Teass A ; Vallyathan V
• Description:
  The effect of freshly fractured quartz produced in sandblasting, rock drilling, tunneling, and silica flour milling operations on enhanced acute lung injury in rats was investigated. Three study groups of 20 male Fischer-344-rats were exposed to freshly fractured quartz (14808607) dust, aged quartz dust (for 60 days), or fresh air for 5 hours a day for 10 days. The mean quartz dust concentration in the exposure chamber was 20mg/m3. At 48 hours postexposure, animals were sacrificed for histopathologic examination and bronchoalveolar lavage. Lavage cells were analyzed to determine activity and release of lactate-dehydrogenase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, catalase, superoxide-dismutase, and glutathione-peroxidase. Measurement of oxygen radicals produced during phagocytosis was performed by spin trapping and spectrophotometry. Lipid peroxidation and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid changes were also assessed. Rats exposed to both freshly fractured and aged quartz dust exhibited increased numbers of bronchoalveolar lavage cells, pulmonary infiltration, lung injury, increased lipid peroxidation, and oxygen radical production by pulmonary phagocytes. These symptoms were more pronounced in the group exposed to freshly fractured quartz dust. The authors conclude that freshly fractured quartz may be associated with inflammation and lipid peroxidation responses that could result in acute silicosis. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Dust Enzymes Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Quartz Respiratory System Safety Silicon Dioxide
• Keywords:
  Dust-inhalation Enzyme-activity Inhalation-studies Laboratory-animals Lung-cells Lung-disorders Lung-function NIOSH-Author Quartz-dust Sand-blasting
• ISSN:
  1073-449X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article ; Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies ; DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Volume:
  152
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00238995
• Citation:
  Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995 Sep; 152(3):1003-1009
• CAS Registry Number:
  Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7) ; Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1995
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:780f7993a1eae01eb716c8148340151655287f051162a32d4dd607cca42735a51c44c9d1598094ee3063ec1797ce9c4fd95c0657da559413e8ef071ebb3a1852
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/197954/cdc_197954_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 877.90 KB ]