Antioxidant Properties of the Pineal Neurohormone Melatonin in Cell-Free and Lung Cell Model Systems

Details

• Personal Author:
  Cosma G ; Gardner H ; Gunselman S ; Vallyathan V ; Zang LY
• Description:
  The pineal hormone melatonin exhibits pluripotent biological activities, including modulation of the endocrine, neuroendocrine, and immune systems. Recent evidence has also attributed an antioxidant property to this neurochemical. We have investigated direct quenching of reactive oxygen species by melatonin in cell-free and cell models via electron spin resonance (ESR) studies. Cell-free studies yielded the following information: 1) melatonin inhibited superoxide anion formation with a rate constant of 1.25 x l0(3), M-1s-l in reaction with xanthine/xanthine oxidase; 2) melatonin did not inhibit hydroxyl radical generation in a Fenton reaction; 3) melatonin quenched singlet oxygen produced in a rose bengal photodynamic reaction. On the other hand, melatonin treatments of stimulated alveolar macrophages at physiologic nanomolar concentrations resulted in a dramatic inribition of hydroxyl radical formation (IC-SO = 0.38 nM), moderate inhibition of hydrogen peroxide formation. and no effects on production of superoxide anion. Interestingly, melatonin also inhibited oxidative DNA strand damage/formation of 8-deoxyguanine adducts, as detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and lipid peroxidation as detected by ELISA, biological effects attributed to inhibition of hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen, respectively. Ongoing studies are further investigating modulation of DNA transcription factor activities by melatonin. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Antioxidants DNA Endocrine System Immune System Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Cell-function Cellular-reactions Cellular-structures DNA-damage Endocrine-function Endocrine-system Hormone-activity Hormones Immune-reaction Immune-system
• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 3 ; Washington ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  42
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20025109
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 1998 Mar; 42(1-S):347
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1998
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 37th Annual Meeting, March 1-5,1998, Seattle, Washington
• Supplement:
  1-S
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:397e33ea8a649938293a04b9a4f230780d94f7ec7558f100b6483b34796b155f1ede4e2244edd49e0a2a470dd3bcdb5b89f0631182bef067036cce850024bd69
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/196604/cdc_196604_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 117.52 KB ]