Potential Role of Free Radicals in Acute Silicosis

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Ducatman B ; Hubbs A ; Khan A ; Leonard, Stephanie ; McLaurin JL ; Pack D ; Pretty JR ; Ramsey D ; Shoemaker DA ; Shumaker J ; Stettler, Lloyd E. ; Teass A ; Vallyathan V ; Weber KC
• Description:
  Acute Silicosis is a fatal lung disease often associated with sandblasting, drilling, tunneling, and silica flour mill operations. We have shown recently that fracturing of silica generates free radicals on its cleavage planes, and that freshly fractured silica is more cytotoxicin in vitro than aged silica. The objective of this study was to determine if freshly fractured silica is biologically more active in vivo than aged silica in inducing lung injury in an animal model. Male pathogen-free Fischer 344 rats were exposed to freshly fractured or aged silica (20mg/m', 5 hr/day for 10 days). Silica dust was fractured by jet milling. The aged dust was stored for 60 days before use. Analysis of surface radicals on silica samples confirmed the increased concentration of radicals in fresh vs aged silica. Compared to aged silica, freshly fractured silica resulted in dramatically greater increases in cellular infiltrates, lactate dehydrogenase, B-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and decreases in anti-oxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in alveolar macrophages (AM). AM induced enhanced oxygen radical generation, and pulmonary tissue showed increased lipid peroxidation in fresh vs aged silica-exposed animals. These results indicate that exposure to freshly fractured silica causes impairment of antioxidant defenses leading to acute Silicosis. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aluminum Silicates Animals Antioxidants Free Radicals Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Silicon Dioxide

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• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Free-radicals In-vitro-study In-vivo-study Laboratory-animals Lung-disease Lung-disorders Lung-function Lung-irritants Silica-dusts Silicates Silicosis

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• ISSN:
  0892-6638
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary ; Proceedings
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies ; DBBS - Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  8
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20025077
• Citation:
  FASEB J 1994 Apr; 8(5)(II):A666
• CAS Registry Number:
  Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7) ; Silica (CAS RN 7631-86-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1994
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Part Number:
  II
• Source Full Name:
  The FASEB Journal. Experimental Biology '94, Anaheim, California, April 24-28, 1994
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:84ce60ea8406f4bb0d4881d73dcc80ec3ce977eab60fde4073b02105025136be5280eb7dc06e6003fb6a415bc926fa016648620f03d821cabc1a2d2c6dfee27c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/196579/cdc_196579_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 475.02 KB ]