Maternal occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: effects on gastroschisis among offspring in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study

Details

• Personal Author:
  Agopian AJ ; Desrosiers TA ; Duwe KN ; Finnell RH ; Khodr ZG ; Langlois PH ; Lawson, Christina C. ; Lupo PJ ; Mitchell LE ; Moore CA ; Reefhuis J ; Romitti PA ; Shaw GM ; Symanski, Elaine ; the National Birth Defects Prevention Study ; Waters MA
• Description:
  Background: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) occurs in many occupational settings. There is evidence in animal models that maternal exposure to PAHs during pregnancy is associated with gastroschisis in offspring; however, to our knowledge, no human studies examining this association have been conducted. Objective: Our goal was to conduct a case-control study assessing the association between estimated maternal occupational exposure to PAHs and gastroschisis in offspring. Methods: Data from gastroschisis cases and control infants were obtained from the population-based National Birth Defects Prevention Study for the period 1997-2002. Exposure to PAHs was assigned by industrial hygienist consensus, based on self-reported maternal occupational histories from 1 month before conception through the third month of pregnancy. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between estimated occupational PAH exposure and gastroschisis among children whose mothers were employed for at least 1 month during the month before conception through the third month of pregnancy. Results: The prevalence of estimated occupational PAH exposure was 9.0% in case mothers (27 of 299) and 3.6% in control mothers (107 of 2,993). Logistic regression analyses indicated a significant association between occupational PAHs and gastroschisis among mothers . 20 years of age [odds ratio (OR) = 2.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27, 5.04] after adjusting for maternal body mass index, education, gestational diabetes, and smoking. This association was not seen in mothers < 20 years (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.55, 2.33), which is notable because although young maternal age is the strongest known risk factor for gastroschisis, most cases are born to mothers . 20 years. Conclusion: Our findings indicate an association between occupational exposure to PAHs among mothers who are >20 years and gastroschisis. These results contribute to a body of evidence that PAHs may be teratogenic. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Epidemiology Hydrocarbons Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Pregnancy Safety Teratogenesis
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Birth Defects Birth-defects Children Exposure-levels Gastroschisis Humans Maternal Exposure Occupation Occupational-exposure PAHs Prenatal-exposure Statistical-analysis Teratogens

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• ISSN:
  0091-6765
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Georgia ; Iowa ; North Carolina ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 6 ; OSHA Region 7 ; OSHA Region 9 ; Texas
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology ; DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  120
• Issue:
  6
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20041106
• Citation:
  Environ Health Perspect 2012 Jun; 120(6):910-915
• Contact Point Address:
  Philip J. Lupo, University of Texas School of Public Health, 1200 Herman Pressler Dr., RAS 511, Houston, TX 77030
• Email:
  Philip.J.Lupo@uth.tmc.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2012
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Environmental Health Perspectives
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:ea48703cb3e68f134da33a9cc4f0d86c0fb40893d5b3807beee76ea7ee3801e69ef2fb8d59d693de8ce11c4089352dbc3923225fbbf808c8d24eab58386f977b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/193750/cdc_193750_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 194.98 KB ]