Single-walled carbon nanotube-induced mitotic disruption

Details

• Personal Author:
  Battelli L ; Benkovic SA ; Bunker KL ; Dinu CZ ; Hubbs, Ann F. ; Kashon ML ; Kisin ER ; Lowry DT ; Mastovich J ; Murray AR ; Reynolds SH ; Salisbury JL ; Sargent L ; Shvedova AA ; Siegrist KJ ; Sturgeon JL ; Young S-H
• Description:
  Carbon nanotubes were among the earliest products of nanotechnology and have many potential applications in medicine, electronics, and manufacturing. The low density, small size, and biological persistence of carbon nanotubes create challenges for exposure control and monitoring and make respiratory exposures to workers likely. We have previously shown mitotic spindle aberrations in cultured primary and immortalized human airway epithelial cells exposed to 24, 48 and 96 µg/cm2 single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). To investigate mitotic spindle aberrations at concentrations anticipated in exposed workers, primary and immortalized human airway epithelial cells were exposed to SWCNT for 24-72 h at doses equivalent to 20 weeks of exposure at the Permissible Exposure Limit for particulates not otherwise regulated. We have now demonstrated fragmented centrosomes, disrupted mitotic spindles and aneuploid chromosome number at those doses. The data further demonstrated multipolar mitotic spindles comprised 95 percent of the disrupted mitoses. The increased multipolar mitotic spindles were associated with an increased number of cells in the G2 phase of mitosis, indicating a mitotic checkpoint response. Nanotubes were observed in association with mitotic spindle microtubules, the centrosomes and condensed chromatin in cells exposed to 0.024, 0.24, 2.4 and 24 µg/cm2 SWCNT. Three-dimensional reconstructions showed carbon nanotubes within the centrosome structure. The lower doses did not cause cytotoxicity or reduction in colony formation after 24 h; however, after three days, significant cytotoxicity was observed in the SWCNT-exposed cells. Colony formation assays showed an increased proliferation seven days after exposure. Our results show significant disruption of the mitotic spindle by SWCNT at occupationally relevant doses. The increased proliferation that was observed in carbon nanotube-exposed cells indicates a greater potential to pass the genetic damage to daughter cells. Disruption of the centrosome is common in many solid tumors including lung cancer. The resulting aneuploidy is an early event in the progression of many cancers, suggesting that it may play a role in both tumorigenesis and tumor progression. These results suggest caution should be used in the handling and processing of carbon nanotubes. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cell Division Chromosomes Cytotoxins Environmental Monitoring Lung Lung Diseases Neoplasms Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety

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• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Genotoxic Effects Cell-function Cell Division Cellular-reactions Cellular Uptake Chromosome-damage Chromosome-disorders Cytotoxic-effects Dose-response Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Gene-mutation Genotoxicity Lung-cells Lung-fibrosis Lung Cancer Lung Cells Mitosis Nanotechnology

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• ISSN:
  1383-5718
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Minnesota ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Pennsylvania ; Tennessee ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  28-37
• Volume:
  745
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20040054
• Citation:
  Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2012 Jun; 745(1-2):28-37
• Contact Point Address:
  L. M. Sargent, Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Mailstop L-3014, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon (CAS RN 7440-44-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2012
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Performing Organization:
  University of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
• End Date:
  20160630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0e2863c7ba48c0de17764e2bef7876f308cae54e11bca61ef09c5fad16c40cb8e7ab35a80022d8ff7d2a68a99a694989f698a8ca70ba4fcf27b8139c05abe9d6
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/193048/cdc_193048_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.35 MB ]