Toxicology of nanomaterials used in nanomedicine

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Zhao J
• Description:
  With the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials are being widely used in many industries as well as in medicine and pharmacology. Despite the many proposed advantages of nanomaterials, increasing concerns have been expressed on their potential adverse human health effects. In recent years, application of nanotechnology in medicine has been defined as nanomedicine. Techniques in nanomedicine make it possible to deliver therapeutic agents into targeted specific cells, cellular compartments, tissues, and organs by using nanoparticulate carriers. Because nanoparticles possess different physicochemical properties than their fine-sized analogues due to their extremely small size and large surface area, they need to be evaluated separately for toxicity and adverse health effects. In addition, in the field of nanomedicine, intravenous and subcutaneous injections of nanoparticulate carriers deliver exogenous nanoparticles directly into the human body without passing through the normal absorption process. These nanoparticulate carriers themselves may be responsible for toxicity and interaction with biological macromolecules within the human body. Second, insoluble nanoparticulate carriers may accumulate in human tissues or organs. Therefore, it is necessary to address the potential health and safety implications of nanomaterials used in nanomedicine. Toxicological studies for biosafety evaluation of these nanomaterials will be important for the continuous development of nanomedical science. This review summarizes the current knowledge on toxicology of nanomaterials, particularly on those used in nanomedicine. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Delivery Of Health Care Hazardous Substances Health Care Facilities Workforce And Services Occupational Health Safety Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Biological-effects Biological-systems Cell-function Cellular-transport-mechanism Cellular-uptake Health-care Health-engineering Health-hazards Medical-care Medical-equipment Nanoparticles Nanostructures Nanotechnology Pharmacology Therapeutic-agents Toxic-effects Toxic-materials Ultrafine-particulates

  More +
• ISSN:
  1093-7404
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  14
• Issue:
  8
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20039863
• Citation:
  J Toxicol Environ Health B 2011 Nov; 14(8):593-632
• Contact Point Address:
  Vincent Castranova, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
• Email:
  vic1@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2012
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B: Critical Reviews
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:25408999f31b1180aa168b522e8931c043816baf3ecbe3db38628fb09c8b4ace000c89ab05a747317fb331154bb432dd3ddfe53e7fba95aae3e6c56f174acdbe
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/192929/cdc_192929_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 318.86 KB ]