Toxicity Responses of Various Fibrillar and Crystalline Nanocellulose Materials: Differences and Similarities

Details

• Personal Author:
  Beezhold, Donald H. ; Friend S ; Kisin ER ; Menas AL ; Shurin GV ; Shvedova AA ; Vogel UB ; Yanamala N
• Description:
  Extensive research of new nanostructured cellulosic materials has resulted in advances in material properties and unique product applications. New technologies facilitated the creation of bacterial, nanocrystalline and micro/nano-fibrillary cellulose derived from natural sources that are easily integrated into bio-based and recyclable products. The aim of the current study was to compare five different nanocellulose (NC) particles using in vitro approaches to determine if several physico-chemical characteristics (i.e. size, shape, origin) yield specific cytotoxicity effects. Human lung epithelial cells (A549) were exposed to NC for 24 and 72 h to determine how variations in the properties contribute to cellular outcomes, such as cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and cytokine secretion. Our results showed that nanofibrillated cellulose (NCF) induced stronger cytotoxicity and oxidative stress responses compared to cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). CNC, on the other hand, caused a significantly stronger inflammatory response compared to NCF. Additionally, immunostaining indicated that only CNC particles were taken up by the cells. Clustering analysis of the inflammatory cytokines/chemokines revealed a similarity of NCF to the carbon nanofibers response, while CNC was akin to that of chitin, a known immune modulator and activator of innate cells. Taken together, these results indicate that size and shape of NC particles are critical to determining their toxicity: CNC and NCF induce distinctly different patterns of toxic and inflammatory response in lung cells. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Chemistry Cytotoxins Hazardous Substances Immune System Lung Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Safety Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Cellular Uptake Chemical Properties Cytokines Cytotoxicity Exposure Assessment Humans Immune Reaction In Vitro Study Lung Cells Nanocellulose Nanocrystals Nanofibrils Nanoparticles Nanostructures Nanotechnology Nanotoxicology Oxidative Stress Particle Size Physical Properties Toxic Effects Toxic Materials

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 6 ; Pennsylvania ; Texas ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  162
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20051251
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2018 Mar; 162(1):412
• CAS Registry Number:
  Cellulose (CAS RN 9004-34-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 57th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 11-15, 2018, San Antonio, Texas
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4e9949b5cde8fc297209c6983339a608ee486232ee1d5cf663622b116bcaff5c2b049a1d540de76d82c72c4847e1ff63a318c4c0eb471177dff85a64edca1452
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/211316/cdc_211316_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 838.27 KB ]