Fractionation of swine barn dust and assessment of its impact on the respiratory tract following repeated airway exposure

Details

• Personal Author:
  Cleave J ; Gordon JR ; Town J ; Willson PJ
• Description:
  The effects of repeated exposure to a range of doses of swine barn dust (SBD) on airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation were evaluated using a mouse model system. A number of components, including endotoxin and a number of feed proteins, were identified in SBD, and mice were exposed 20 min/d for 14 d to a log dilution series of nebulized SBD suspensions. AHR to methacholine was measured using head-out whole-body plethysmography, and the methacholine concentration inducing a 20% decrease in pulmonary airflow (PC20 MCh) was calculated. At the end of the 14-d exposure period, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids were recovered, cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, keratinocyte-derived chemokine [KC], and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]) in BAL were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and leukocytes in BAL were counted. The PC20 MCh was significantly lower in the group of mice that were exposed to the highest concentration of SBD than in controls or the group exposed to the lowest level of dust. Likewise, the group that was exposed to the highest level of SBD had significantly higher levels of IL-1β, KC, and TNF than controls and some other groups. There were substantially more lymphocytes and monocytes in the BAL from mice that were exposed to the higher levels of SBD for the 14-d period, but neutrophils were not a part of this response. The SBD exposures used in these experiments induced chronic inflammatory phenotype responses, as indicated by the predominance of lymphocytes and monocytes, but not neutrophils, in BAL and by inflammatory cytokines detected. The association between the PC20MCh and dose of SBD suggests that a threshold of susceptibility occurs after a relatively low, chronic exposure to SBD. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Dust Environmental Health Environmental Monitoring Irritants Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Microbiology Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory Hypersensitivity Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Safety Workplace

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• Keywords:
  Agricultural-industry Dust-exposure Dust-inhalation Environmental-factors Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Laboratory-animals Laboratory-testing Lung-disorders Lung-irritants Microscopic-analysis Particle-aerodynamics Particulate-dust Pulmonary-system-disorders Quantitative-analysis Respiratory-hypersensitivity Respiratory-irritants Risk-analysis Statistical-analysis Workplace-studies

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• ISSN:
  1528-7394
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 5 ; Wisconsin
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  73
• Issue:
  16
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20038827
• Citation:
  J Toxicol Environ Health A 2010 Apr; 73(16):1090-1101
• Contact Point Address:
  Philip J. Willson, DVM, PhD, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, 120 Veterinary Road, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E3
• Email:
  philip.willson@usask.ca
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2010
• Performing Organization:
  Marshfield Clinic
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20080901
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues
• End Date:
  20090831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3264987d214cce493fe0f4ca475883a2d0dd1b52582776122ef26ad8739d71a3db535430bda3e6a9ec3e2794a040e97427c30a229ea43ecd7abba613b38d2ce2
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/192393/cdc_192393_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 635.30 KB ]