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Tuberculosis and HIV Co-infection, California, USA, 1993–2008
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Mar 2012
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Source: Emerg Infect Dis. 19(3):400-406.
[PDF-819.70 KB]
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Alternative Title:Emerg Infect Dis
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Description:To understand the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection in California, we cross-matched incident TB cases reported to state surveillance systems during 1993-2008 with cases in the state HIV/AIDS registry. Of 57,527 TB case-patients, 3,904 (7%) had known HIV infection. TB rates for persons with HIV declined from 437 to 126 cases/100,000 persons during 1993-2008; rates were highest for Hispanics (225/100,000) and Blacks (148/100,000). Patients co-infected with TB-HIV during 2001-2008 were significantly more likely than those infected before highly active antiretroviral therapy became available to be foreign born, Hispanic, or Asian/Pacific Islander and to have pyrazinamide-monoresistant TB. Death rates decreased after highly active antiretroviral therapy became available but remained twice that for TB patients without HIV infection and higher for women. In California, HIV-associated TB has concentrated among persons from low and middle income countries who often acquire HIV infection in the peri-immigration period.
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Volume:19
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Issue:3
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