Sidestream Smoke Effects on Lung Morphology and C-Fibers in Young Guinea Pigs

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bric JM ; Joad JP ; Pinkerton KE ; Bric JM ; Joad JP ; Pinkerton KE
• Description:
  Children raised in homes with smokers have more frequent respiratory symptoms, decreased lung function, and increased airway reactivity. This study was designed to evaluate whether chronic exposure of developing guinea pigs to sidestream smoke (SS) would impair lung function and morphology and/or change the activity of a pulmonary defense mechanism, the local bronchopulmonary C-fiber system. Duncan-Hartley guinea pigs (n = 29) were exposed to filtered air (FA) or to SS for 6 h/day, 5 days/week from 8 to about 43 days of life. Their lungs were then studied in an isolated buffer perfused system where increasing doses of capsaicin (a C-fiber stimulant) or substance P (SP, a C-fiber neurotransmitter) were injected into the pulmonary artery. SS exposure significantly increased baseline dynamic compliance (Cdyn) by 17% but did not change baseline pulmonary resistance (RL). SS exposure reduced the capsaicin-induced change in RL and Cdyn but did not change lung responsiveness to SP. SS exposure did not change fixed lung volume, surface area, mean linear intercept length, or elastin deposition. We conclude that SS exposure to developing guinea pigs (1) increased lung compliance without affecting alveolar size or elastin deposition and (2) decreased the airway reactivity of the C-fiber system without changing reactivity to one of its neurotransmitters, SP. If humans are similarly affected, children raised in the homes of smokers may have a diminished pulmonary defense mechanism. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Chronic Disease Hazardous Substances Irritants Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Respiratory Function Tests Respiratory Hypersensitivity Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Smoke Smokers Tobacco Products

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• Keywords:
  Chronic-exposure Chronic-inflammation Chronic-toxicity Lung-burden Lung-disease Lung-disorders Lung-function Lung-irritants Pulmonary-function Pulmonary-function-tests Pulmonary-system Pulmonary-system-disorders Respiratory-hypersensitivity Respiratory-irritants Respiratory-system-disorders Smoke-inhalation Smoking Tobacco-smoke

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• ISSN:
  0041-008X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Journal Article ; Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  289-296
• Volume:
  131
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20032962
• Citation:
  Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1995 Apr; 131(2):289-296
• Contact Point Address:
  Joad J. P Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Davis, CA 95616, USA and Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Cell Biol, Davis, CA 95616, USA
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1995
• Performing Organization:
  University of California - Davis
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19900930
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
• End Date:
  20020929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:837aea75cad71ee083b4543b2ceca30c20daed5d164adfe6b0ead2234bce3e44f59b241df707cd5b357f76740273bee61096faadecfa746c48f5d1accb075c54
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/188715/cdc_188715_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 677.60 KB ]