Occupational Toxicology of Nickel and Nickel Compounds

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Ding M ; Shi X ; Zhao J
• Description:
  Nickel and nickel compounds are widely used in industry. The high consumption of nickel products inevitably leads to occupational and environmental pollution. In occupational settings, exposure to nickel and nickel compounds occurs primarily during nickel refining, electroplating, and welding. The most common airborne exposures to nickel in the workplace are to insoluble nickel species, such as metallic nickel, nickel sulfide, and nickel oxides from dusts and fumes. The chemical and physical properties of nickel and nickel compounds strongly influence their bioavailability and toxicity. The lung and the skin are the principal target organs upon occupational exposure. inhalation exposure is a primary route for nickel-induced toxicity in the workplace. The most important adverse health effects due to occupational exposure to nickel and its compounds are skin allergies, lung fibrosis, and lung cancer. The exact mechanisms of nickel-induced carcinogenesis are not clear. This review summarizes the current knowledge on occupational toxicology of nickel and its compounds. The subtopics include: chemical and physical properties, uses, occupational exposures, occupational exposure limits, toxicokinetics, biological monitoring, acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, carcinogenicity, molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis, and gaps in knowledge. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Biochemistry Biological Factors Dust Environmental Monitoring Environmental Pollution Genetics Hazardous Substances Hypersensitivity Neoplasms Occupational Diseases Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Toxicology Workplace

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• Keywords:
  Acute Toxicity Airborne-dusts Airborne-particles Author Keywords: Nickel Biological-factors Biological Monitoring Cancer Carcinogenicity Chemical-hypersensitivity Chronic Toxicity Diseases Environmental-contamination Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Exposure-methods Fumes Genes Genotoxicity Inhalation-studies Molecular-biology Molecular Mechanisms Of Carcinogenesis Nickel Compounds Occupational-diseases Occupational-exposure Occupational-health Occupational Exposure Occupational Exposure Limits Reproductive Toxicity Respiratory-system-disorders Risk-analysis Risk-factors Toxic-effects Toxicokinetics Toxicology Toxicopathology Work-environment Work-practices Worker-health Workplace-studies

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• ISSN:
  0731-8898
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  177-208
• Volume:
  28
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20036083
• Citation:
  J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2009 Jul-Sep; 28(3):177-208
• Contact Point Address:
  The Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505
• CAS Registry Number:
  Nickel (CAS RN 7440-02-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2009
• NORA Priority Area:
  Construction ; Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology, and Oncology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:16271d05927c7e598e9e42d09f9393ba734c03d8af8898920d5a33dd29c590ddf44124c27c464470d9f5136feb9c882429feccc58c527080afa2b81764df33e7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/187676/cdc_187676_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 976.55 KB ]