A Comparative Study of Effects of Singlewall Carbon Nanotubes and Crocidolite Asbestos in Human BEAS-2B Cells

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova A ; Friend S ; Pacurari M ; Robinson V ; Vallyathan V
• Description:
  Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are of great interest to many aspects of industry including, but not limited to, electronics and pharmaceutics. As SWCNTmanufactured goods are being introduced into market, concerns regarding their potential for producing environmental and human health risks have been raised. In the present study, we investigated SWCNT effects on the human broncho-epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Exposure of BEAS-2B cells to SWCNT resulted in dose-dependent loss of cell viability and oxidative stress by means of dose-dependent increase in OH radical production and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD). Furthermore, SWCNT induced time- and dose-dependent apoptosis and phosphorylation of histone gamma-H2A.X, a variant of histone H2A that is activated following DNA damage. Whether SWCNT have the potential to induce apoptosis, BEAS-2B cells were exposed for different time points to SWCNT (50 mu g/cm2), and analyzed for PARP activation, as a molecular marker of apoptosis. The level of cleaved PARP increased after 18h of exposure. This level decreased when cells were allowed to recover for 6h in normal growth media. We also examined the ability of SWCNT to induce the transactivation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB), transcription factors that are important members of signal transduction pathways. SWCNT induced greater activation of AP-1 and NF-kB at lower doses as compared to higher doses. These effects were diminished by PD98059, an inhibitor of MAP kinase. Crocidolite asbestos was used as a positive control along with SWCNT, and the effects of crocidolite were far greater as compared to SWCNT. Considering the role of airway epithelium as a barrier and its role in pulmonary functioning, the results of the present study suggest that interaction of SWCNT with airway cells may cause adverse biological responses that may initiate respiratory diseases. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Asbestos Biological Factors Cytology Electricity Environmental Monitoring Hazardous Substances Inorganic Chemicals Irritants Lung Lung Diseases Microbiology Occupational Health Oxidants Particulate Matter Pharmacies Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety

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• Keywords:
  Asbestos Author Keywords: Apoptosis Biological-effects Biological-factors Carbon Nano-particles Cell-biology Cell-metabolism Cell-morphology Cell Toxicity Cellular-function Cellular-reactions Electric-properties Electrical-conductivity Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Inhalation-studies Lung-cells Lung-irritants Microscopic-analysis Microscopy Nanotechnology Oxidative-metabolism Oxidative Stress Particle-aerodynamics Particulates Pharmaceutical-industry Pulmonary-disorders Pulmonary-system-disorders Respiratory-irritants Respiratory-system-disorders Statistical-analysis Toxic-effects

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  108
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20035311
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2009 Mar; 108(1):461
• CAS Registry Number:
  Asbestos (CAS RN 1332-21-4) ; Carbon (CAS RN 7440-44-0) ; Carbon black (CAS RN 1333-86-4) ; Crocidolite asbestos (CAS RN 12001-28-4)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2009
• NORA Priority Area:
  Services
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 48th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 15-19, 2009, Baltimore, Maryland
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:100b26d90f9230d9e60534566e508501273c6b82d15ca320d9e4c75f34ce5865b79357e3258bf041a0df5f6efe446a255b32a54ff70fb845d2ce045cf39581fd
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/187219/cdc_187219_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.86 MB ]