Identification of Human Urinary Metabolites of Acetochlor in Exposed Herbicide Applicators by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Details

• Personal Author:
  Barr DB ; Bravo R ; Deddens JA ; Hines CJ ; Needham LL ; Norrgran J ; Olsson AO ; Striley CAF
• Description:
  Acetochlor is a preemergent chloroacetanilide herbicide used to control annual grasses and small-seeded broadleaf weeds. It is the second most abundantly applied herbicide on corn crops in the United States; however, human metabolites associated with known exposure to acetochlor have not been positively identified and confirmed. We positively identified acetochlor mercapturate (ACM) as a metabolite of acetochlor in urine samples collected during a 24-h period from custom ( commercial) applicators who had applied acetochlor on either the day of or the day before urine collection. Concentrations in applicator urine samples ranged from 0.5 to 449 mu g/l (0.3-121 mu g/g creatinine). We found that ACM accounted for as much as 42% of the total acetochlor-derived metabolites; however, as the exposure level decreased ( based on total acetochlor metabolite level), ACM became a less abundant metabolite of acetochlor (< 17%). Unmetabolized acetochlor was also measured in the urine samples analyzed. At high exposures ( classified as 4100 mu g/l), acetochlor accounted for about 0.8% of the total excreted acetochlor metabolites( similar to 2% of the ACM concentrations). At lower exposures ( classified as ACM < 10 mu g/l), ACM and acetochlor concentrations were similar. Additionally, we tentatively identified another acetochlor metabolite that appeared to be important at low levels of exposure. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Biological Factors Biomarkers Energy Metabolism Herbicides Insecticides Occupational Health Safety Urine Workplace
• Keywords:
  Agricultural-industry Biological-factors Biological-monitoring Metabolites Pesticides Pesticides-and-agricultural-chemicals Urine-chemistry Work-areas Work-environment
• ISSN:
  1559-0631
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Georgia ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  15
• Issue:
  6
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20032696
• Citation:
  J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2007 Sep; 17(6):559-566
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr. Dana B. Barr, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, 4779 Buford Highway, Mailstop F17, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
• Email:
  dlb1@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2007
• NORA Priority Area:
  Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4dae880247cff9fee52f3d53f2b2a10ffc0c3a5acb678b237d3bfb39524ea7c7754df85c9b23da118f6ea315ed5690e99aa62f19a1bd1182e159dd0503e12af8
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/186578/cdc_186578_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 168.04 KB ]