The Mechanisms of Acrylamide Axonopathy.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Miller MS ; Spencer PS
• Description:
  Mechanisms of acrylamide (79061) axonopathy are discussed. The basic processes by which axonal integrity is maintained are reviewed. Acrylamide neuropathy is considered. Studies have shown that the underlying lesion induced by acrylamide involves distal retrograde degeneration of long and large axons. This has indicated that acrylamide neuropathy belongs to the class of central/peripheral distal axonopathies, a relatively common nervous system response found in a large variety of unrelated toxic/metabolic states. The effects of acrylamide on axonal transport are considered. Studies have shown that single doses of acrylamide induce profound changes in axonal transport, and that if exposure is repeated over the course of a few weeks, functional signs of neuropathy appear. These transport defects precede by many days the appearance of morphologic or functional signs of axonal pathology. It has been suggested that alterations in axon/perikaryal interaction may be the basic process occurring in acrylamide induced axonopathy. The authors conclude that acrylamide induced axonopathy may be the result of at least two lesions: a relatively non specific lesion involving inhibition of glycolytic enzyme activity or a lesion resulting from the interaction of acrylamide with sulfhydryl, amino, or hydroxyl moieties associated with axon components; or inhibition of perikaryal mediated axon repair and maintenance mechanisms due to a direct perikaryon effect or to retrograde axonal transport alterations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Amides Hazardous Substances Nervous System Nitrogen Compounds Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Nerve-damage Nerve-fibers Nerve-function Neuropathology Neurotoxic-effects Neurotoxins NIOSH-Grant NIOSH-Publication Organo-nitrogen-compounds Toxic-effects
• ISSN:
  0362-1642
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; OSHA Region 2
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  25
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00168259
• Citation:
  Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1985 Apr; 25:643-666
• CAS Registry Number:
  Acrylamide (CAS RN 79-06-1)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1985
• NORA Priority Area:
  Neurotoxic Disorders ; Neurotoxic Effects
• Performing Organization:
  Neuroscience Albert Einstein College 1410 Pelham Parkway Bronx, NY 10461
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19800501
• Source Full Name:
  Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
• End Date:
  19890430
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:9e83948f9289a6243105bd3c0387d9b8c46f67c79c78977774024951f8438fc98c0c96d838c6da790955e3f24e9b2e16d1b3fade1e862272950141838a1d4f29
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/185172/cdc_185172_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 842.03 KB ]