Epidemiology of invasive nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae disease—United States, 2008–2019

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Clin Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Oliver, Sara E. ; Rubis, Amy B. ; Soeters, Heidi M. ; Reingold, Arthur ; Barnes, Meghan ; Petit, Susan ; Farley, Monica M. ; Harrison, Lee H. ; Como-Sabetti, Kathy ; Khanlian, Sarah A. ; Wester, Rachel ; Thomas, Ann ; Schaffner, William ; Marjuki, Henju ; Wang, Xin ; Hariri, Susan
• Description:
  Background:
  
  Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is the most common cause of invasive H. influenzae disease in the United States. We evaluated the epidemiology of invasive NTHi disease in the United States, including among pregnant women, infants, and people with HIV (PWH).
  
  Methods:
  
  We used data from population- and laboratory-based surveillance for invasive H. influenzae disease conducted in 10 sites to estimate national incidence of NTHi, and to describe epidemiology in women of childbearing age, infants aged ≤30 days (neonates), and PWH living in the surveillance catchment areas. H. influenzae isolates were sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for species confirmation, serotyping, and whole genome sequencing of select isolates.
  
  Results:
  
  During 2008–⁠2019, average annual NTHi incidence in the United States was 1.3/100,000 population overall, 5.8/100,000 among children aged <1 year and 10.2/100,000 among adults aged ≥80 years. Among 225 reported neonates with NTHi, 92% had a positive culture within the first week of life and 72% were preterm. NTHi risk was 23 times higher among preterm compared to term neonates, and 5.6 times higher in pregnant/postpartum compared to non-pregnant women. Over half of pregnant women with invasive NTHi had loss of pregnancy post-infection. Incidence among PWH aged ≥13 years was 9.5 cases per 100,000, compared to 1.1 cases per 100,000 for non-PWH (RR=8.3; 95% CI=7.1–9.7; p<0.0001).
  
  Conclusion:
  
  NTHi causes substantial invasive disease, especially among older adults, pregnant/postpartum women, and neonates. Enhanced surveillance and evaluation of targeted interventions to prevent perinatal NTHi infections may be warranted.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Aged Child Female Haemophilus Infections Haemophilus Influenzae Humans Incidence Infant Infant, Newborn Infant, Newborn, Diseases Postpartum Period Pregnancy Serotyping United States

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• Keywords:
  Epidemiology Haemophilus Influenzae Vaccines Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae
• Source:
  Clin Infect Dis. 76(11):1889-1895
• Pubmed ID:
  36722332
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC11320882
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/ ; CDC-RFA-CK12-120205CONT16/CC/CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  76
• Issue:
  11
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:9eefbc2fa6e34d9600bec3a72a0bfeb989acb5d06a2e9e601511aec54ec2d041c47cbe4ff124a7c569339111405098412affe5cb68121152aae386bd6606f4ae
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/159842/cdc_159842_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 627.54 KB ]