Current Epidemiology and Trends in Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease—United States, 2009–2015

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Clin Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Soeters, Heidi M. ; Blain, Amy ; Pondo, Tracy ; Doman, Brooke ; Farley, Monica M. ; Harrison, Lee H. ; Lynfield, Ruth ; Miller, Lisa ; Petit, Susan ; Reingold, Arthur ; Schaffner, William ; Thomas, Ann ; Zansky, Shelley M. ; Wang, Xin ; Briere, Elizabeth C.
  More +
• Description:
  Background. ; Following Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) conjugate vaccine introduction in the 1980s, Hib disease in young children dramatically decreased, and epidemiology of invasive H. influenzae changed. ; Methods. ; Active surveillance for invasive H. influenzae disease was conducted through Active Bacterial Core surveillance sites. Incidence rates were directly standardized to the age and race distribution of the US population. ; Results. ; During 2009–2015, the estimated mean annual incidence of invasive H. influenzae disease was 1.70 cases per 100 000 population. Incidence was highest among adults aged ≥65 years (6.30) and children aged <1 year (8.45); many cases in infants aged <1 year occurred during the first month of life in preterm or low-birth-weight infants. Among children aged <5 years (incidence: 2.84), incidence was substantially higher in American Indian and Alaska Natives AI/AN (15.19) than in all other races (2.62). Overall, 14.5% of cases were fatal; case fatality was highest among adults aged ≥65 years (20%). Nontypeable H. influenzae had the highest incidence (1.22) and case fatality (16%), as compared with Hib (0.03; 4%) and non-b encapsulated serotypes (0.45; 11%). Compared with 2002–2008, the estimated incidence of invasive H. influenzae disease increased by 16%, driven by increases in disease caused by serotype a and nontypeable strains. ; Conclusions. ; Invasive H. influenzae disease has increased, particularly due to nontypeable strains and serotype a. A considerable burden of invasive H. influenzae disease affects the oldest and youngest age groups, particularly AI/AN children. These data can inform prevention strategies, including vaccine development.
• Subjects:
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cost of Illness
  • Epidemiological Monitoring
  • Female
  • Haemophilus Infections
  More +
• Keywords:
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • invasive disease
  • surveillance
  • epidemiology
• Source:
  Clin Infect Dis. 67(6):881-889
• Pubmed ID:
  29509834
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC6181225
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  67
• Issue:
  6
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/59723/cdc_59723_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 532.98 KB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:a5c291362125dc889bf7f2e5384aeb1e06643bf29f6642878965b00df6742739b6a2dbadd3f377db7bbca39e770f59dc0227433974cea2b93b874887b8873568