Weight Loss in Short-Term Interventions for Physical Activity and Nutrition Among Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Details

• Journal Article:
  Preventing Chronic Disease (PCD)
• Personal Author:
  Rotunda, Wendi ; Rains, Caroline ; Jacobs, Sara R. ; Ng, Valerie ; Lee, Rachael ; Rutledge, Stephanie ; Jackson, Matt C. ; Myers, Kristopher
• Description:
  Introduction ; Reaching, enrolling, and retaining participants in lengthy lifestyle change interventions for weight loss is a major challenge. The objective of our meta-analysis was to investigate whether lifestyle interventions addressing nutrition and physical activity lasting 6 months or less are effective for weight loss. ; Methods ; We searched for peer-reviewed studies on lifestyle change interventions of 6 months or less published from 2012 through 2023. Studies were screened based on inclusion criteria, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for adults with overweight or obesity. We used a random-effects model to pool the mean difference in weight loss between intervention and control groups. We also performed subgroup analyses by intervention length and control type. ; Results ; Fourteen RCTs were identified and included in our review. Half had interventions lasting less than 13 weeks, and half lasted from 13 to 26 weeks. Seven were delivered remotely, 4 were delivered in person, and 3 used combined methods. The pooled mean difference in weight change was −2.59 kg (95% CI, −3.47 to −1.72). The pooled mean difference measured at the end of the intervention was −2.70 kg (95% CI, −3.69 to −1.71) among interventions lasting less than 13 weeks and −2.40 kg (95% CI, −4.44 to −0.37) among interventions of 13 to 26 weeks. ; Conclusion ; Short-term multicomponent interventions involving physical activity and nutrition can achieve weight loss for adults with overweight or obesity. Offering short-term interventions as alternatives to long-term ones may reach people who otherwise would be unwilling or unable to enroll in or complete longer programs.
• Subjects:
  • Adult
  • Humans
  • Overweight
  • Obesity
  • Exercise
  • Weight Loss
  • Life Style
• Source:
  Prev Chronic Dis. 2024; 21
• DOI:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd21.230347
• ISSN:
  1545-1151
• Pubmed ID:
  38573796
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC10996390
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  HHSD2002013M53964B/CC/CDC HHSUnited States/
• Genre:
  Systematic Review
• Volume:
  21
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/154769/cdc_154769_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 868.19 KB]
• Collection(s):
  Preventing Chronic Disease
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0f745544e98cf107ef30aced69e4465790efbee9a996e70fb1a0c1007e07ed02b088908b21babad3a2b3a49721c6ab5cd2777af97cfb03fad9f4a317be00399f