Influenza vaccination rates and hospitalizations among Medicaid enrollees with and without sickle cell disease, 2009–2015

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Pediatr Blood Cancer
• Personal Author:
  Payne, Amanda B. ; Adamkiewicz, Thomas V. ; Grosse, Scott D. ; Steffens, Andrea ; Shay, David K. ; Reed, Carrie ; Schieve, Laura A.
• Description:
  Background:
  
  Personswith sickle cell disease (SCD) face increased risks for pulmonary and infection-related complications. This study examines influenza vaccination coverage and estimates influenza-related morbidity among Medicaid enrollees with and without SCD.
  
  Procedure:
  
  Influenza vaccination coverage and hospitalizations related to influenza and pneumonia/acute chest syndrome (ACS) during each influenza season from 2009–2010 to 2014–2015 were assessed among enrollees in the IBM MarketScan® Multi-State Medicaid Database. Enrollees with SCD were identified as enrollees with greater than or equal to three claims listing SCD within a 5-year period during 2003–2017. Vaccinations were identified in outpatient claims. Hospitalizations associated with influenza or pneumonia/ACS were identified using inpatient claims. This study includes a series of cross-sectional assessments by season.
  
  Results:
  
  From 2009–2010 through 2014–2015 seasons, the SCD sample ranged from 5044 to 8651 enrollees; the non-SCD sample ranged from 1,841,756 to 3,796,337 enrollees. Influenza vaccination coverage was higher among enrollees with SCD compared with enrollees without SCD for all seasons (24.5%–33.6% and 18.2%–22.0%, respectively). Age-standardized rates of influenza-related hospitalizations were 20–42 times higher among SCD enrollees compared with non-SCD enrollees, and ACS/pneumonia hospitalizations were 18–29 times higher. Among enrollees with SCD, influenza-related hospitalization rates were highest among children aged 0–9 years. Among enrollees without SCD, influenza-related hospitalization rates were highest among adults aged 40–64 years.
  
  Conclusions:
  
  Although vaccine coverage was higher in persons with versus without SCD, efforts to increase influenza coverage further are warranted for this high-risk group, who experienced markedly higher rates of influenza and ACS/pneumonia hospitalizations during each season.
  
  
• Keywords:
  Acute Chest Syndrome Adult Anemia, Sickle Cell Child Cross-Sectional Studies Hospitalization Humans Influenza Influenza, Human Influenza Vaccines Medicaid Sickle Cell Disease United States Vaccination Vaccination Coverage

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• Source:
  Pediatr Blood Cancer. 68(12):e29351
• Pubmed ID:
  34542932
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC10578616
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  68
• Issue:
  12
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:eafa8c23f19e6e2b82a8cb0628d1a9c093eb7e5a941bfe480b2120adf2232609
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/134148/cdc_134148_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 455.42 KB ]