Details:

Alternative Title:
PLoS One
Personal Author:
Fuller, James A. ; Summers, Aimee ; Katz, Mark A. ; Lindblade, Kim A. ; Njuguna, Henry ; ... More +
Fuller, James A. ; Summers, Aimee ; Katz, Mark A. ; Lindblade, Kim A. ; Njuguna, Henry ; Arvelo, Wences ; Khagayi, Sammy ; Emukule, Gideon ; Linares-Perez, Nivaldo ; McCracken, John ; Nokes, D. James ; Ngama, Mwanajuma ; Kazungu, Sidi ; Mott, Joshua A. ; Olsen, Sonja J. ; Widdowson, Marc-Alain ; Feikin, Daniel R. ; Less -
Description:
Background Knowing the national disease burden of severe influenza in low-income countries can inform policy decisions around influenza treatment and prevention. We present a novel methodology using locally generated data for estimating this burden. Methods and Findings This method begins with calculating the hospitalized severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) incidence for children <5 years old and persons ≥5 years old from population-based surveillance in one province. This base rate of SARI is then adjusted for each province based on the prevalence of risk factors and healthcare-seeking behavior. The percentage of SARI with influenza virus detected is determined from provincial-level sentinel surveillance and applied to the adjusted provincial rates of hospitalized SARI. Healthcare-seeking data from healthcare utilization surveys is used to estimate non-hospitalized influenza-associated SARI. Rates of hospitalized and non-hospitalized influenza-associated SARI are applied to census data to calculate the national number of cases. The method was field-tested in Kenya, and validated in Guatemala, using data from August 2009–July 2011. In Kenya (2009 population 38.6 million persons), the annual number of hospitalized influenza-associated SARI cases ranged from 17,129–27,659 for children <5 years old (2.9–4.7 per 1,000 persons) and 6,882–7,836 for persons ≥5 years old (0.21–0.24 per 1,000 persons), depending on year and base rate used. In Guatemala (2011 population 14.7 million persons), the annual number of hospitalized cases of influenza-associated pneumonia ranged from 1,065–2,259 (0.5–1.0 per 1,000 persons) among children <5 years old and 779–2,252 cases (0.1–0.2 per 1,000 persons) for persons ≥5 years old, depending on year and base rate used. In both countries, the number of non-hospitalized influenza-associated cases was several-fold higher than the hospitalized cases. Conclusions Influenza virus was associated with a substantial amount of severe disease in Kenya and Guatemala. This method can be performed in most low and lower-middle income countries.
Subject:
[+]
Biology
Demography
Hospitalization
Humans
Incidence
Influenza, Human
Medicine
Research Article
Sentinel Surveillance
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Source:
PLoS One. 2013 ; 8(2).;
Document Type:
Journal Article ;
Place as Subject:
Guatemala ; Kenya ;
Guatemala ; Kenya ; Less -
Collection(s):
CDC Public Access
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:7a0324473b444155f9c3a88f735c98ac430390e7166bbb7662c5fc9c394badcb
File Type:

Supporting Files

• 	pone.0056882.g002.jpg	jpeg
  	pone.0056882.nxml	txt
  	pone.0056882.s001.docx	docx
  	pone.0056882.s002.docx	docx
  	pone.0056882.s003.docx	docx
  	pone.0056882.s004.docx	docx
  	pone.0056882.s005.docx	docx
  	pone.0056882.s006.docx	docx
  	pone.0056882.s007.docx	docx
  	pone.0056882.t001.gif	gif
  	license.txt	txt
  	pone.0056882.t001.jpg	jpeg
  	pone.0056882.t002.gif	gif
  	pone.0056882.t002.jpg	jpeg
  	pone.0056882.t003.gif	gif
  	pone.0056882.t003.jpg	jpeg
  	pone.0056882.t004.gif	gif
  	pone.0056882.t004.jpg	jpeg
  	pone.0056882.e001.jpg	jpeg
  	pone.0056882.e002.jpg	jpeg
  	pone.0056882.e003.jpg	jpeg
  	pone.0056882.e004.jpg	jpeg
  	pone.0056882.g001.gif	gif
  	pone.0056882.g001.jpg	jpeg
  	pone.0056882.g002.gif	gif

More +