Analysis of IgG Anti-HEV Antibody Protective Levels During Hepatitis E Virus Reinfection in Experimentally Infected Rhesus Macaques

Details

• Alternative Title:
  J Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  Choi, Youkyung ; Zhang, Xiugen ; Skinner, Brianna
• Description:
  Background. ; Secondary spread of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection occurs often in endemic settings in developing countries. The host immune signatures contributing to protection against subsequent HEV reinfection are unknown. ; Methods. ; Twelve seroconverted rhesus macaques were reinoculated with homologous HEV genotype 1 (gt1, Sar-55) and followed for 115 days. HEV RNA, HEV-specific T-cell responses, IgG anti-HEV antibody, and the IgG anti-HEV avidity index were tested. ; Results. ; Four animals with baseline IgG anti-HEV levels from 1.5 to 13.4 World Health Organization (WHO) U/mL evidenced reinfection as determined by HEV RNA in stool, and increase in IgG anti-HEV levels between 63- and 285-fold (P = .003). Eight animals with baseline IgG anti-HEV levels from 2.8 to 90.7 WHO U/mL did not develop infection or shed virus in feces, and IgG anti-HEV antibody levels were unchanged (P = .017). The 4 reinfected animals showed a lower HEV-IgG avidity index (average 35.5%) than the 8 protected animals (average 62.1%). HEV-specific interferon-gamma–producing T cells were 2-fold higher in reinfected animals (P = .018). ; Conclusions. ; Preexisting antibody and high IgG avidity index (>50%) are important factors for protection against HEV reinfection. HEV-specific T-cell responses were elevated in reinfected animals after subsequent exposure to HEV.
• Subjects:
  • Animals
  • Feces
  • Hepatitis Antibodies
  • Hepatitis E
  • Hepatitis E virus
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Macaca mulatta
  • RNA, Viral
  • Recurrence
  • Virus Shedding
• Keywords:
  • hepatitis E virus
  • genotype 1
  • reinfection
  • IgG anti-HEV antibody
  • avidity of IgG anti-HEV antibody
  • hepatic host immune response gene expression
  • rhesus macaques
• Source:
  J Infect Dis. 219(6):916-924
• Pubmed ID:
  30325442
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC8996334
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Volume:
  219
• Issue:
  6
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/116200/cdc_116200_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.25 MB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:e3ac32d92c75ce7e8ba65763d36858583dd6e814a3aff9b3aa09aa655344d9d4