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Showing 2361 - 2380 of 82737 results
  • Physicochemical Characterization and Pulmonary In Vitro Toxicity Screening of Different Categories of TwoDimensional 2D Nanomaterials
    Physicochemical Characterization and Pulmonary In Vitro Toxicity Screening of Different Categories of Two-Dimensional (2D) Nanomaterials
    Fraser K ;
    Kodali VK
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are a large class of engineered nanoparticles with a multitude of applications in electronics, biosensors, and more. Increased demand for these materials, including graphene, nanoclay, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as WS2 and MoS2, and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), has elevated the potential for o ...
    Public Domain
  • Aberration of Corticothalamic Brain Regions in Rats Exposed to Welding Fumes
    Aberration of Corticothalamic Brain Regions in Rats Exposed to Welding Fumes
    Antonini JM ;
    Lin GX
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The potential for developing Parkinson's disease (PD)-like neurological dysfunction following occupational exposure to welding fumes (WF) is an emerging concern. Manganese (Mn) in welding consumables is suspected to cause the neurological deficits seen in welders. Indeed, we have shown that Mn-containing WF causes dopaminergic neurotoxicity in rats ...
    Public Domain
  • Changes in the Serum Metabolome of Rats Following Intratracheal Instillation of Particles Representing Different Potential ModeofAction Categories of Nanomaterials
    Changes in the Serum Metabolome of Rats Following Intratracheal Instillation of Particles Representing Different Potential Mode-of-Action Categories of Nanomaterials
    Antonini JM ;
    Boyce GR
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    With the expansion of nanotechnology, the number of workers potentially exposed to various emerging nanomaterials along their lifecycle increases creating the need to efficiently categorize different materials and their associated risks. Development of biomarkers of both particle exposure and the potential adverse outcomes is critical. Because of t ...
    Public Domain
  • Effect of Crystalline Silica and Welding Fume on LungAssociated Gene Changes in the Rat
    Effect of Crystalline Silica and Welding Fume on Lung-Associated Gene Changes in the Rat
    Joseph P ;
    McKinney W
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    A major source for the occupational diseases that result in significant morbidity and mortality is exposure to dust often containing toxic agents, such as silica and/or welding fumes. More than 424,000 workers in the U.S. and close to one million workers worldwide perform welding as part of their work duties. Because there is little information reg ...
    Public Domain
  • Characterization and Toxicity Assessment of Aerosolized Particles Generated During Cutting of Carbon NanotubesEmbedded Concrete
    Characterization and Toxicity Assessment of Aerosolized Particles Generated During Cutting of Carbon Nanotubes-Embedded Concrete
    Afshari A ;
    Erdely A
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Carbon nanotube (CNT) as a reinforcement enhances durability and performance of concrete composites. Exposure to some forms of CNT is known to cause adverse pathological outcomes. To understand potential toxicity arising from use of CNT-enabled concrete composites as it goes through various occupational life cycle stages, we evaluated 1) the physic ...
    Public Domain
  • Lung Toxicity in Rats After Inhalation of Aerosols Generated During Thermal Spray Coating Using Different Consumable Materials
    Lung Toxicity in Rats After Inhalation of Aerosols Generated During Thermal Spray Coating Using Different Consumable Materials
    Afshari A ;
    Andrews R
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Thermal spray coating (TSC) is an emerging industrial process in which molten metal is sprayed at a high velocity onto a surface as a protective coating. Little is known about the physical and chemical properties of the particles generated and the potential health effects associated with exposure to TSC aerosols. A computer controlled TSC generator ...
    Public Domain
  • Combined LongTerm Effects of Metal Nanocatalysts and UVB on Human Epidermal Keratinocytes
    Combined Long-Term Effects of Metal Nanocatalysts and UVB on Human Epidermal Keratinocytes
    Friend S ;
    Guppi S
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Transition metal ferrites (MFe2O4) are widely used for various industrial catalytic processes due to their extraordinary properties and stability thus representing potential human health risk. The health effects arising from exposure to nano-catalysts depend on their composition and the extent of exposure. In addition to inhalation exposure route, ...
    Public Domain
  • A Preliminary Quantitative Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Diethanolamine and Respiratory Effects
    A Preliminary Quantitative Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Diethanolamine and Respiratory Effects
    Pandalai, Sudah P.
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Diethanolamine (DEA; MW=105.14 g/mol) is used in various industrial chemical processes. This work describes a preliminary quantitative risk assessment of DEA inhalation exposure and respiratory effects to extrapolate to the occupational context. The best available data identified were from a low dose inhalation exposure study (Gamer et al. 2008) us ...
    Public Domain
  • Evaluating Exposure Hazards in Historical Collections
    Evaluating Exposure Hazards in Historical Collections
    Burnell, Kenneth ;
    Cusack-McVeigh, H.
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Museum collections and exhibit spaces often contain health hazards as a result of historic preservation treatments and environmental conditions within the buildings. These hazards present dangers to the health and safety of those charged with their care and display. For example, individuals who encounter treated artifacts are at risk of exposure to ...
  • Acute Pulmonary Response and Lung Burden Following Solid Surface Composite Dust Inhalation
    Acute Pulmonary Response and Lung Burden Following Solid Surface Composite Dust Inhalation
    Battelli, L. A. ;
    Friend, S. A.
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Pulmonary exposure to emissions from manipulating solid surface composite (SSC) materials with power tools has been associated with adverse health effects in humans and laboratory animals. Previous in vitro and in vivo investigations of SSC toxicity have been limited by particle delivery methods that do not fully recapitulate the workplace environm ...
    Public Domain
  • Evaluation of Biomarkers of Exposure in Southern California Firefighters Responding to WildlandUrban Interface Fire Incidents
    Evaluation of Biomarkers of Exposure in Southern California Firefighters Responding to Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Incidents
    Calkins, M.
    2023/03/14 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    WUI firefighters may experience structural firefighting exposures without wearing the PPE routinely used by municipal firefighters during a structural response (e.g. self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), turnout gear) and without the ability to follow recommended decontamination practices for structural fire response. In this presentation, Dr. ...
    Public Domain
  • Placental Cell Type Deconvolution Reveals That Cell Proportions Drive Preeclampsia Gene Expression Differences
    Placental Cell Type Deconvolution Reveals That Cell Proportions Drive Preeclampsia Gene Expression Differences
    Bakulski KM ;
    Campbell KA
    2023/03/13 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The placenta mediates adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preeclampsia, which is characterized by gestational hypertension and proteinuria. Placental cell type heterogeneity in preeclampsia is not well-understood and limits mechanistic interpretation of bulk gene expression measures. We generated single-cell RNA-sequencing samples for integration ...
  • Cognitive Development and Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure in the CHAMACOS Cohort
    Cognitive Development and Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure in the CHAMACOS Cohort
    Balmes JR ;
    Eskenazi B
    2023/03/13 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Because fine particulate matter [PM, with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5)] is a ubiquitous environmental exposure, small changes in cognition associated with PM2.5 exposure could have great societal costs. Prior studies have demonstrated a relationship between in utero PM2.5 exposure and cognitive development in urban popula ...
  • Comparison of Nanocomposite Dispersion and Distribution for Several Melt Mixers
    Comparison of Nanocomposite Dispersion and Distribution for Several Melt Mixers
    Beaucage G ;
    Campanelli H
    2023/03/13 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Breakup (dispersion) and distribution of nanoparticles are the chief hurdles towards taking advantage of nanoparticles in polymer nanocomposites for reinforcement, flame retardancy, conductivity, chromaticity, and other properties. Microscopy is often used to quantify mixing, but it has a limited field of view, does not average over bulk samples, a ...
    Public Domain
  • The World Trade Center Health Program Cancer Screening and Cancer Care Best Practices
    The World Trade Center Health Program: Cancer Screening and Cancer Care Best Practices
    Calvert, Geoffrey M. ;
    Cochran, John
    2023/03/13 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The events of September 11, 2001 (9/11) exposed nearly a half million persons to many carcinogenic chemicals and dusts, as well as psychological and physical stressors. Subsequent epidemiologic studies of 9/11-exposed persons have suggested elevated risks for some cancers, e.g., prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, and melanoma. To detect cancer at an ...
    Public Domain
  • Serum Autoantibodies and Exploratory Molecular Pathways in Rural Miners A Pilot Study
    Serum Autoantibodies and Exploratory Molecular Pathways in Rural Miners: A Pilot Study
    Ass'ad N ;
    Erdei E
    2023/03/11 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Introduction: The Southwestern United States (SWUS) has an extensive history of coal and metal mining, including uranium (U) mining. Lung diseases, including but not limited to, lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis, have been studied extensively in miners due to occupational, dust-related exposures. However, high-throughput autoimmune biomarkers are ...
  • Temporal Trends in Occupational Injuries Treated in US Emergency Departments 20122019
    Temporal Trends in Occupational Injuries Treated in US Emergency Departments, 2012–2019
    Bhandari R ;
    Groth CP
    2023/03/10 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Evidence suggests that rates of occupational injuries in the US are decreasing. As several different occupational injury surveillance systems are used in the US, more detailed investigation of this trend is merited. Furthermore, studies of this decrease remain descriptive and do not use inferential statistics. The aim of this study was ...
    Public Domain
  • Polygenic Risk Scores for Asthma and Allergic Disease Associate with COVID19 Severity in 911 Responders
    Polygenic Risk Scores for Asthma and Allergic Disease Associate with COVID-19 Severity in 9/11 Responders
    Carr MA ;
    Clouston SAP
    2023/03/09 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Background: Genetic factors contribute to individual differences in the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A portion of genetic predisposition can be captured using polygenic risk scores (PRS). Relatively little is known about the associations between PRS and COVID-19 severity or post-acute COVID-19 in community-dwelling individuals. ...
  • The Relationship Between Ratings of Perceived Exertion RPE and Relative Strength for a Fatiguing Dynamic Upper Extremity Task A Consideration of Multiple Cycles and Conditions
    The Relationship Between Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) and Relative Strength for a Fatiguing Dynamic Upper Extremity Task: A Consideration of Multiple Cycles and Conditions
    Cavuoto, Lora A. ;
    Hajifar, Sahand
    2023/03/09 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and relative strength with respect to baseline for a fatiguing free dynamic task targeting the upper extremity, namely simulated order picking, and determine whether the relationship remains the same for different conditions (i.e., pace and weight) a ...
  • Efficacy of Do-It-Yourself Air Filtration Units in Reducing Exposure to Simulated Respiratory Aerosols (Dataset)
    Beezhold, Donald H. ;
    Blanchere, Francoise M.
    2023/03/06 | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Our investigation examined the efficacy of Do-It-Yourself (DIY) air filtration units in reducing recipient exposure to simulated respiratory aerosols within a mock classroom. Seven commercially available box style fans were evaluated using five performance parameters. Two fans with the highest and lowest airflow rates were subsequently evaluated in ...
    Dataset Public Domain
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