U.S. flag An official website of the United States government.
Official websites use .gov

A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS

A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Emerging Infectious Diseases

CDC Stacks Public Health Publications

Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) is a peer-reviewed, monthly journal published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It offers the latest scientific information on emerging infectious diseases and trends. Emerging Infectious Diseases is freely available to the public as Diamond Open Access. For more on EID, visit https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid.

(2)
(1)
(298)
(338)
(552)
(470)
(665)
(520)
(522)
(529)
(508)
(549)
(530)
(503)
(519)
(590)
(545)
(575)
(554)
(510)
(513)
(499)
(522)
(375)
(338)
(248)
(132)
(184)
(149)
(95)
(82)
(52)
0 of 32
(1)
(11379)
(6)
(940)
(368)
0 of 5
(13)
(93)
(6)
(7)
(4)
(7)
(46)
(22)
(8)
(24)
(2)
(11)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(3)
(17)
(17)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(17)
(52)
(39)
(11)
(3)
(65)
(3)
(21)
(2)
(7)
(4)
(1)
(178)
(27)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(77)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(42)
(1)
(26)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(23)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(322)
(2)
(30)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(19)
(4)
(1)
(134)
(1)
(1)
(51)
(43)
(129)
(1)
(3)
(16)
(22)
(8)
(10)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(48)
(566)
(1)
(40)
(30)
(1)
(8)
(12)
(23)
(1)
(10)
(5)
(1)
(5)
(14)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(64)
(39)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(11)
(5)
(2)
(14)
(1)
(13)
(38)
(1)
(1)
(61)
(5)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(39)
(1)
(261)
(5)
(13)
(5)
(5)
(56)
(1)
(50)
(285)
(27)
(27)
(3)
(46)
(19)
(1)
(234)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(38)
(22)
(46)
(2)
(6)
(1)
(5)
(15)
(36)
(2)
(4)
(59)
(12)
(1)
(4)
(89)
(17)
(3)
(8)
(1)
(26)
(188)
(7)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(6)
(45)
(11)
(25)
(10)
(7)
(75)
(109)
(10)
(230)
(8)
(8)
(1)
(13)
(7)
(92)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(3)
(21)
(16)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(26)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(15)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(35)
(1)
(7)
(33)
(28)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(30)
(26)
(12)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(96)
(2)
(24)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(18)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(40)
(7)
(16)
(1)
(16)
(12)
(19)
(12)
(34)
(7)
(4)
(17)
(128)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(15)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(21)
(16)
(1)
(2)
(17)
(1)
(69)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(70)
(47)
(10)
(7)
(57)
(1)
(59)
(23)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(13)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(30)
(8)
(4)
(3)
(45)
(19)
(3)
(2)
(14)
(20)
(18)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(12)
(1)
(3)
(38)
(1)
(2)
(9)
(18)
(8)
(1)
(33)
(58)
(4)
(1)
(22)
(1)
(10)
(18)
(24)
(1)
(28)
(5)
(19)
(19)
(163)
(1)
(14)
(8)
(9)
(59)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(3)
(48)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(40)
(3)
(1)
(10)
(3)
(40)
(49)
(1)
(6)
(11)
(13)
(138)
(36)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(9)
(1)
(11)
(10)
(176)
(1)
(29)
(1)
(24)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(31)
(37)
(9)
(1)
(82)
(4)
(44)
(1)
(1)
(27)
(84)
(143)
(1)
(9)
(2)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(16)
(8)
(1)
(73)
(9)
(14)
(103)
(881)
(3)
(12)
(3)
(18)
(5)
(2)
(16)
(2)
(11)
(100)
(18)
(25)
(27)
(1)
(10)
(4)
(13)
(20)
(4)
(7)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(19)
(5)
0 of 441
(298)
(338)
(551)
(506)
(629)
(521)
(519)
(528)
(505)
(545)
(532)
(499)
(515)
(591)
(523)
(575)
(554)
(510)
(513)
(500)
(528)
(377)
(336)
(249)
(133)
(190)
(151)
(95)
(82)
(53)
0 of 30
(1019)
(946)
(933)
(967)
(942)
(977)
(1034)
(1034)
(1105)
(1065)
(1151)
(1123)
0 of 12
(18)
(155)
(69)
(57)
(28)
(23)
(19)
(84)
(21)
(23)
(1569)
(2669)
(103)
(21)
(19)
(22)
(1418)
(302)
(252)
(76)
(123)
(22)
(41)
(31)
(23)
(16)
(25)
(38)
(22)
(71)
(17)
(117)
(25)
(19)
(19)
(54)
(56)
(38)
(3984)
(93)
(189)
(23)
(41)
(57)
(25)
(86)
(741)
(105)
(20)
(153)
(20)
(27)
(54)
(38)
(631)
(86)
(19)
(51)
(78)
(73)
(140)
(37)
(17)
(19)
(131)
(138)
(68)
(23)
(24)
(19)
(45)
(48)
(27)
(25)
(46)
(39)
(22)
(19)
(32)
(19)
(24)
(21)
(29)
(25)
(37)
(33)
(31)
(165)
(26)
(544)
(203)
(76)
(17)
(60)
(169)
(57)
(136)
(16)
(20)
(46)
(56)
(230)
(28)
(97)
(49)
(40)
(18)
(141)
(18)
(37)
(46)
(36)
(84)
(109)
(209)
(35)
(19)
(17)
(16)
(66)
(28)
(24)
(20)
(18)
(212)
(60)
(25)
(18)
(68)
(21)
(20)
(19)
(18)
(107)
(16)
(39)
(64)
(32)
(25)
(27)
(139)
(37)
(41)
(62)
(16)
(30)
(26)
(62)
(38)
(21)
(89)
(217)
(17)
(63)
(143)
(296)
(17)
(119)
(22)
(82)
(20)
(25)
(36)
(31)
(37)
(16)
(162)
(37)
(51)
(27)
(1518)
(1232)
(53)
(151)
(23)
(17)
(87)
(24)
(61)
(17)
(27)
(60)
(16)
(38)
(123)
(34)
(21)
(39)
(126)
(110)
(38)
(23)
(181)
(196)
(542)
(25)
(21)
(133)
(31)
(24)
(107)
(48)
(26)
(28)
(21)
(476)
(40)
(30)
(22)
(21)
(36)
(396)
(197)
(21)
(38)
(31)
(29)
(19)
(21)
(20)
(30)
(27)
(148)
(186)
(38)
(29)
(51)
(28)
(68)
(66)
(23)
(16)
(16)
(45)
(55)
(66)
(20)
(26)
(175)
(27)
(139)
(19)
(32)
(18)
(28)
(32)
(68)
(20)
(20)
(154)
(23)
(26)
(18)
(27)
(24)
(16)
(44)
(57)
(1908)
(18)
(318)
(35)
(84)
(74)
(2079)
(365)
(277)
(20)
(19)
(18)
(50)
(16)
(38)
(163)
(18)
(47)
(16)
(46)
(16)
(152)
(272)
(48)
(17)
(46)
(37)
(322)
(31)
(90)
(31)
(244)
(43)
(45)
(60)
(38)
(90)
(21)
(16)
(57)
(26)
(61)
(141)
(18)
(70)
(20)
(25)
(22)
(35)
(26)
(26)
(47)
(40)
(25)
(48)
(30)
(83)
(36)
(44)
(46)
(51)
(46)
(21)
(29)
(17)
(43)
(28)
(19)
(59)
(33)
(41)
(27)
(50)
(118)
(22)
(75)
(18)
(105)
(24)
(175)
(73)
(29)
(29)
(31)
(19)
(69)
(62)
(107)
(65)
(33)
(29)
(17)
(16)
(25)
(126)
(47)
(52)
(19)
(98)
(17)
(28)
(65)
(24)
(31)
(52)
(27)
(201)
(274)
(3339)
(33)
(80)
(28)
(29)
(33)
(26)
(27)
(22)
(55)
(25)
(112)
(54)
(34)
(191)
(35)
(23)
(20)
(24)
(39)
(103)
(20)
(19)
(31)
(16)
(58)
(36)
(167)
(17)
(16)
(17)
(25)
(168)
(157)
(228)
(16)
(100)
(208)
(77)
(529)
(24)
(86)
(83)
(180)
(38)
(71)
(32)
(20)
(55)
(50)
(31)
(18)
(18)
(22)
(29)
(18)
(17)
(43)
(155)
(63)
(16)
(29)
(20)
(66)
(97)
(45)
(21)
(20)
(26)
(47)
(19)
(38)
(57)
(125)
(58)
(25)
(24)
(43)
(22)
(17)
(16)
(40)
(91)
(63)
(25)
(21)
(53)
(18)
(19)
(16)
(16)
(28)
(27)
(86)
(74)
(252)
(161)
(16)
(30)
(19)
(23)
(132)
(75)
(44)
(32)
(84)
(121)
(229)
(52)
(23)
(17)
(27)
(8856)
(21)
(17)
(35)
(21)
(36)
(16)
(31)
(116)
(155)
(110)
(47)
(595)
(21)
(1002)
(414)
(36)
(27)
(86)
(23)
(28)
(32)
(42)
(96)
(32)
(618)
(21)
(19)
(17)
(83)
(74)
(286)
(52)
(222)
(19)
(45)
(20)
(149)
(128)
(80)
(23)
(27)
(18)
(21)
(210)
(44)
(56)
(28)
(25)
(20)
(38)
(107)
(52)
(32)
(20)
(19)
(46)
(28)
(26)
(63)
(39)
(26)
(22)
(16)
(21)
(20)
(19)
(37)
(19)
(20)
(35)
(39)
(21)
(22)
(38)
(101)
(20)
(28)
(22)
(53)
(39)
(49)
(26)
(39)
(60)
(37)
(16)
(78)
(22)
(21)
(22)
(19)
(41)
(30)
(137)
(51)
(102)
(33)
(19)
(3454)
(33)
(16)
(61)
(27)
(34)
(68)
(19)
(58)
(27)
(23)
(27)
(44)
(19)
(33)
(55)
(27)
(24)
(32)
(25)
(51)
(22)
(114)
(216)
(553)
(20)
(2114)
(79)
(75)
(16)
(29)
(65)
(36)
(33)
(57)
(153)
(47)
(536)
(132)
(47)
(50)
(19)
(50)
(30)
(25)
(33)
(51)
(21)
(170)
(18)
(58)
(19)
(156)
(77)
(17)
(57)
(86)
(112)
(91)
(19)
(56)
(53)
(36)
(22)
(19)
(55)
(47)
(60)
(66)
(16)
(28)
(54)
(18)
(117)
(18)
(24)
(17)
(24)
(93)
(38)
(87)
(25)
(31)
(21)
(22)
(30)
(19)
(19)
(41)
(153)
(25)
(120)
(58)
(18)
(89)
(22)
(24)
(40)
(410)
(39)
(17)
(112)
(35)
(23)
(56)
(21)
(17)
(46)
(18)
(22)
(20)
(26)
(21)
(155)
(29)
(22)
(19)
(19)
(25)
(51)
(17)
(37)
(25)
(1517)
(30)
(51)
(40)
(56)
(56)
(45)
(35)
(77)
(45)
(50)
(41)
(37)
(18)
(21)
(25)
(161)
(19)
(18)
(19)
(17)
(539)
(17)
(68)
(72)
(30)
(39)
(23)
(20)
(633)
(113)
(23)
(107)
(19)
(207)
(18)
(105)
(589)
(30)
(17)
(21)
(45)
(21)
(22)
(24)
(19)
(140)
(35)
(21)
(21)
(273)
(62)
(26)
(231)
(71)
(64)
(20)
(66)
(95)
(17)
(44)
(82)
(37)
(27)
(26)
(35)
(23)
(92)
(26)
(50)
(69)
(44)
(46)
(34)
(25)
(21)
(43)
(19)
(25)
(1523)
(215)
(79)
(147)
(130)
(47)
(22)
(25)
(17)
(170)
(366)
(258)
(33)
(17)
(27)
(139)
(129)
(36)
(39)
(64)
(65)
(634)
(27)
(20)
(95)
(49)
(279)
(216)
(31)
(91)
(79)
(52)
(65)
(21)
(83)
(39)
(26)
(63)
(27)
(26)
(31)
(103)
(27)
(30)
(19)
(31)
(283)
(131)
(51)
(45)
(43)
(17)
(47)
(24)
(37)
(293)
(78)
(61)
(136)
(31)
(75)
(518)
(37)
(29)
(386)
(106)
(80)
(24)
(28)
(264)
(163)
(29)
(23)
(21)
(51)
(29)
(19)
(38)
(27)
(18)
(100)
(17)
(45)
(20)
(17)
(23)
(17)
(33)
(20)
(36)
(56)
(29)
(38)
(31)
(50)
(25)
(26)
(22)
(44)
(18)
(134)
(31)
(34)
(19)
(18)
(39)
(176)
(25)
(18)
(60)
(52)
(120)
(24)
(18)
(54)
(50)
(29)
(27)
(18)
(29)
(25)
(20)
(90)
(24)
(23)
(35)
(18)
(30)
(27)
(27)
(308)
(152)
(19)
(29)
(27)
(251)
(18)
(18)
(56)
(18)
(36)
(29)
(30)
(57)
(40)
(147)
(49)
(363)
(45)
(27)
(64)
(402)
(24)
(33)
(186)
(20)
(200)
(51)
(91)
(106)
(94)
(20)
(43)
(23)
(23)
(34)
(52)
(52)
(23)
(225)
(34)
(22)
(33)
(30)
(18)
(25)
(28)
(35)
(31)
(151)
(57)
(79)
(20)
(18)
(21)
(21)
(44)
(72)
(36)
(105)
(52)
(41)
(133)
(21)
(28)
(64)
(559)
(194)
(55)
(44)
(23)
(27)
(90)
(50)
(217)
(77)
(55)
(42)
(65)
(38)
(19)
(27)
(18)
(17)
(842)
(105)
(31)
(98)
(665)
(306)
(24)
0 of 1000
(8)
(10)
(9)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(12)
(7)
(10)
(16)
(12)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(15)
(7)
(22)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(13)
(8)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(10)
(15)
(9)
(8)
(13)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(8)
(10)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(9)
(10)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(11)
(10)
(10)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(50)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(15)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(12)
(8)
(10)
(11)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(14)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(17)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(14)
(10)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(9)
(12)
(7)
(9)
(13)
(90)
(23)
(20)
(10)
(15)
(15)
(8)
(8)
(26)
(8)
(12)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(17)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(14)
(9)
(7)
(14)
(11)
(7)
(11)
(8)
(27)
(13)
(9)
(8)
(8)
(11)
(10)
(8)
(7)
(15)
(12)
(9)
(10)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(11)
(7)
(8)
(21)
(12)
(7)
(14)
(12)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(11)
(7)
(9)
(8)
(11)
(20)
(10)
(8)
(10)
(18)
(16)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(17)
(8)
(10)
(17)
(13)
(13)
(12)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(47)
(8)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(13)
(7)
(8)
(11)
(11)
(7)
(9)
(27)
(11)
(9)
(15)
(7)
(9)
(12)
(8)
(8)
(20)
(9)
(18)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(8)
(8)
(11)
(9)
(9)
(12)
(7)
(7)
(15)
(8)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(15)
(21)
(8)
(8)
(34)
(14)
(64)
(9)
(12)
(7)
(12)
(8)
(9)
(11)
(8)
(8)
(14)
(8)
(10)
(9)
(11)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(11)
(7)
(15)
(7)
(14)
(7)
(22)
(11)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(12)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(17)
(10)
(10)
(23)
(8)
(9)
(18)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(13)
(11)
(7)
(9)
(9)
(16)
(16)
(10)
(18)
(9)
(27)
(12)
(10)
(7)
(15)
(8)
(13)
(9)
(8)
(9)
(7)
(12)
(7)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(14)
(9)
(8)
(19)
(7)
(15)
(10)
(7)
(25)
(12)
(11)
(8)
(7)
(11)
(9)
(8)
(10)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(12)
(10)
(8)
(11)
(7)
(11)
(7)
(15)
(16)
(28)
(10)
(7)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(26)
(8)
(10)
(9)
(8)
(8)
(15)
(11)
(8)
(16)
(11)
(29)
(17)
(9)
(15)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(30)
(12)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(11)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(17)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(12)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(37)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(11)
(10)
(10)
(7)
(16)
(7)
(19)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(15)
(8)
(12)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(31)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(14)
(10)
(8)
(18)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(16)
(7)
(13)
(8)
(12)
(8)
(10)
(11)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(8)
(11)
(8)
(10)
(17)
(13)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(17)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(12)
(10)
(11)
(11)
(8)
(13)
(21)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(10)
(9)
(11)
(13)
(12)
(8)
(13)
(16)
(13)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(18)
(7)
(20)
(20)
(7)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(20)
(8)
(13)
(10)
(8)
(14)
(10)
(11)
(11)
(10)
(19)
(36)
(8)
(12)
(14)
(9)
(9)
(17)
(10)
(7)
(17)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(14)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(13)
(7)
(22)
(21)
(7)
(13)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(17)
(16)
(7)
(12)
(10)
(8)
(11)
(12)
(8)
(9)
(7)
(9)
(17)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(24)
(17)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(11)
(11)
(7)
(15)
(22)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(22)
(13)
(17)
(7)
(16)
(8)
(9)
(20)
(17)
(10)
(12)
(9)
(8)
(31)
(9)
(8)
(9)
(15)
(15)
(7)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(12)
(17)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(24)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(17)
(18)
(8)
(10)
(17)
(15)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(34)
(11)
(10)
(7)
(16)
(9)
(14)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(15)
(10)
(15)
(7)
(7)
(14)
(10)
(9)
(8)
(19)
(9)
(11)
(16)
(19)
(7)
(8)
(15)
(12)
(8)
(12)
(8)
(7)
(12)
(15)
(7)
(12)
(9)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(10)
(8)
(7)
(39)
(12)
(9)
(14)
(12)
(7)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(21)
(16)
(7)
(7)
(14)
(13)
(19)
(16)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(15)
(15)
(9)
(32)
(12)
(19)
(8)
(7)
(34)
(22)
(14)
(27)
(8)
(23)
(11)
(11)
(7)
(49)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(7)
(13)
(8)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(13)
(43)
(13)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(15)
(7)
(8)
(21)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(20)
(11)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(18)
(7)
(9)
(25)
(25)
(16)
(7)
(18)
(10)
(129)
(8)
(7)
(12)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(14)
(7)
(9)
(11)
(15)
(151)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(12)
(13)
(15)
(8)
(23)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(12)
(35)
(9)
(8)
(49)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(16)
(12)
(7)
(7)
(33)
(7)
(8)
(17)
(9)
(7)
(9)
(8)
(9)
(9)
(9)
(10)
(7)
(17)
(8)
(32)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(21)
(10)
(19)
(13)
(7)
(9)
(16)
(9)
(10)
(9)
(11)
(9)
(14)
(8)
(11)
(7)
(12)
(20)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(10)
(8)
(11)
(14)
(16)
(18)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(14)
(10)
(16)
(21)
(7)
(10)
(9)
(10)
(15)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(18)
(11)
(7)
(26)
(21)
(19)
(11)
(9)
(9)
(15)
(13)
(10)
(8)
(24)
(18)
(10)
(14)
(8)
(27)
(9)
(8)
(9)
(11)
(8)
(33)
(9)
(11)
(11)
(11)
(9)
(14)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(8)
(8)
(10)
(18)
(11)
(27)
(13)
(11)
(10)
(8)
(10)
(9)
(8)
(10)
(12)
(28)
(8)
(29)
(10)
(8)
(12)
(21)
(10)
(10)
(21)
(8)
(14)
(8)
(8)
(24)
(14)
(15)
(8)
(18)
(16)
(8)
(8)
(13)
(9)
(9)
(19)
(8)
(8)
(14)
(16)
(30)
(26)
(20)
(19)
(17)
(8)
(12)
(12)
(11)
(10)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(22)
(8)
(10)
(8)
(9)
(13)
(8)
(15)
(8)
(13)
(8)
(9)
(13)
(12)
(8)
(18)
(10)
(13)
(12)
(9)
(9)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(8)
(22)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(17)
(9)
(34)
(9)
(10)
(12)
(12)
(11)
(9)
(8)
(9)
(9)
(8)
0 of 1000
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 467
(126)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(6)
(67)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(26)
(1)
(295)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(47)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(242)
(7)
(321)
(1346)
(19)
(9)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(8)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(73)
(1)
(69)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(19)
0 of 46
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(33)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(54)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(9)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(177)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(8)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(46)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(3)
(8)
(1)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(26)
(1)
(1)
(47)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(72)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(20)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(26)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(2)
(13)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(19)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(25)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(15)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(15)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(6)
(46)
(5)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(15)
(2)
(71)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(33)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(29)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(1)
(8)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(44)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(7)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(5)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(18)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(19)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(38)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(43)
(2)
(25)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(111)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(54)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(23)
(66)
(2)
(25)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(53)
(2)
(20)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(7)
(8)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(15)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(8)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(15)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(10)
(4)
(14)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(82)
(2)
(7)
(5)
(18)
(3)
(14)
(58)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(209)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(12)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(156)
(2)
(2)
0 of 1000
Showing 8861 - 8880 of 12469 results
  • Skin and Soft Tissue Infections and Vascular Disease among Drug Users England
    Skin and Soft Tissue Infections and Vascular Disease among Drug Users, England
    Irish, Charles ;
    Maxwell, Roy
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1510-1511.
    No Description
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Human Metapneumovirus Infection among Children Bangladesh
    Human Metapneumovirus Infection among Children, Bangladesh
    Brooks, W. Abdullah ;
    Erdman, Dean
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1611-1613.
    We confirmed circulation of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) among children with febrile and respiratory illness in an urban slum in Dhaka, Bangladesh, during active surveillance in 2001. HMPV was the most common single virus identified among febrile children and appears to contribute to the high rates of illness in this population.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Using Death Certificate Reports to Find Severe Leptospirosis Cases Brazil
    Using Death Certificate Reports to Find Severe Leptospirosis Cases, Brazil
    Spichler, Anne ;
    Athanazio, Daniel
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1560-1561.
    Severe leptospirosis with pulmonary hemorrhage is emerging globally. Measures to control leptospirosis through sanitation depend on accurate case finding and reporting. Rapid death certificate reporting, plus necropsy of persons who died of leptospirosis, facilitates public health intervention and could provide an important tool in assessing the gl ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • MultidrugResistant Salmonella Typhimurium Pacific Northwest United States
    Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Typhimurium, Pacific Northwest, United States
    Davis, Margaret A. ;
    Besser, Thomas E.
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1583-1586.
    We compared human and bovine isolates of Salmonella enterica using antimicrobial-drug resistance profiles and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. From 2000 through 2006, we observed an increase in a novel multidrug-resistant clone of S. Typhimurium with no recognized phage type. This clone may represent an emerging epidemic strain in the Pacific Nort ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • CiprofloxacinResistant Neisseria meningitidis Delhi India
    Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Neisseria meningitidis, Delhi, India
    Singhal, Smita ;
    Purnapatre, Kedar P.
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1614-1616.
    Decreased susceptibility of Neisseria meningitidis isolates to ciprofloxacin emerged from an outbreak in Delhi, India. Results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the meningococcal isolates to ciprofloxacin and further sequencing of DNA gyrase A quinolone-resistance-determining region confirmed the emergence of ciprofloxacin resistance in th ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Borrelia burgdorferi Infection and Cutaneous Lyme Disease Mexico
    Borrelia burgdorferi Infection and Cutaneous Lyme Disease, Mexico
    Gordillo-Pérez, Guadalupe ;
    Torres, Javier
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1556-1558.
    Four patients who had received tick bites while visiting forests in Mexico had skin lesions that met the case definition of erythema migrans, or borrelial lymphocytoma. Clinical diagnosis was supported with histologic, serologic, and molecular tests. This study suggests the Borrelia burgdorferi infection is in Mexico.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Duration of Antibody Responses after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
    Duration of Antibody Responses after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
    Wu, Li-Ping ;
    Wang, Nai-Chang
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1562-1564.
    Among 176 patients who had had severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), SARS-specific antibodies were maintained for an average of 2 years, and significant reduction of immunoglobulin G-positive percentage and titers occurred in the third year. Thus, SARS patients might be susceptible to reinfection >or=3 years after initial exposure.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Rapid Increase of Genetically Diverse MethicillinResistant Staphylococcus aureus Copenhagen Denmark
    Rapid Increase of Genetically Diverse Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Copenhagen, Denmark
    Bartels, Mette Damkjær ;
    Boye, Kit
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1533-1540.
    In Copenhagen, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounted for <15 isolates per year during 1980-2002. However, since 2003 an epidemic increase has been observed, with 33 MRSA cases in 2003 and 110 in 2004. We analyzed these 143 cases epidemiologically and characterized isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Staphylococcus p ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • FootandMouth Disease Virus Serotype A in Egypt
    Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype A in Egypt
    Knowles, Nick J. ;
    Wadsworth, Jemma
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1593-1596.
    We describe the characterization of a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) serotype A virus responsible for recent outbreaks of disease in Egypt. Phylogenetic analysis of VP1 nucleotide sequences demonstrated a close relationship to recent FMD virus isolates from East Africa, rather than to viruses currently circulating in the Middle East.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Novel Variant of Tickborne Encephalitis Virus Russia
    Novel Variant of Tickborne Encephalitis Virus, Russia
    Ternovoi, Vladimir A. ;
    Protopopova, Elena V.
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1574-1578.
    We isolated a novel strain of tickborne encephalitis virus (TBEV), Glubinnoe/2004, from a patient with a fatal case in Russia. We sequenced the strain, whose landmark features included 57 amino acid substitutions and 5 modified cleavage sites. Phylogenetically, Glubinnoe/2004 is a novel variant that belongs to the Eastern type of TBEV.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Chlorine Inactivation of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus H5N1
    Chlorine Inactivation of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1)
    Rice, Eugene W. ;
    Adcock, Noreen J.
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1568-1570.
    To determine resistance of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus to chlorination, we exposed allantoic fluid containing 2 virus strains to chlorinated buffer at pH 7 and 8, at 5 degrees C. Free chlorine concentrations typically used in drinking water treatment are sufficient to inactivate the virus by >3 orders of magnitude.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Exposure to Wild Primates among HIVinfected Persons
    Exposure to Wild Primates among HIV-infected Persons
    LeBreton, Matthew ;
    Yang, Otto
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1579-1582.
    HIV-1 is an immunosuppressive pathogen. Our behavioral data for 191 HIV-1-infected rural Cameroonians show frequent exposure to nonhuman primates through activities such as hunting and butchering. Immunosuppression among persons exposed to body fluids of wild nonhuman primates could favor the process of adaptation and subsequent emergence of zoonot ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Rats Global Poverty and Paying the Piper
    Rats, Global Poverty, and Paying the Piper
    Potter, Polyxeni
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1622-1623.
    No Description
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • SurvNet Electronic Surveillance System for Infectious Disease Outbreaks Germany
    SurvNet Electronic Surveillance System for Infectious Disease Outbreaks, Germany
    Krause, Gérard ;
    Altmann, Doris
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1548-1555.
    In 2001, the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) implemented a new electronic surveillance system (SurvNet) for infectious disease outbreaks in Germany. SurvNet has captured 30,578 outbreak reports in 2001-2005. The size of the outbreaks ranged from 2 to 527 cases. For outbreaks reported in 2002-2005, the median duration from notification of the first case ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Burning the Rat
    Burning the Rat
    Zolynas, Al
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1621.
    No Description
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Emergence of Human Rotavirus Group A Genotype G9 Strains Wuhan China
    Emergence of Human Rotavirus Group A Genotype G9 Strains, Wuhan, China
    Yang, Jihong ;
    Wang, Ting
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1587-1589.
    Of 322 stool specimens collected from children with diarrhea from October 2005 through September 2006 in Wuhan, China, group A rotavirus was identified in 101 (31.4%). The most prevalent group A rotavirus genotype was G3P[8] (62.6%), followed by G1P[8](17.6%), G1+G3P[8](8.8%), G3P[4](6.6%), G1P[4](2.2%), and G9P[8](2.2%). The G9 strains were first ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Plague Reappearance in Algeria after 50 Years 2003
    Plague Reappearance in Algeria after 50 Years, 2003
    Bertherat, Eric ;
    Bekhoucha, Souad
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1459-1462.
    An outbreak of plague occurred in the region of Oran, Algeria, from June to July 2003. Algeria had not reported this disease for >50 years. Eighteen bubonic cases were identified, and Yersinia pestis was isolated from 6 patients. Except for the index case-patient, all patients recovered. Targeted chemoprophylaxis, sanitation, and vector control pla ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Malaria Diagnosis and Hospitalization Trends Brazil
    Malaria Diagnosis and Hospitalization Trends, Brazil
    Santos-Ciminera, Patricia D. ;
    Roberts, Donald R.
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1597-1600.
    We focused on rates of malaria in the state of Amazonas and city of Manaus, Brazil. Plasmodium vivax accounted for an increased number and rate of hospital admissions, while P. falciparum cases decreased. Our observations on malaria epidemiology suggest that the increased hospitalization rate could be due to increased severity of P. vivax infection ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Confronting Potential Influenza A H5N1 Pandemic with Better Vaccines
    Confronting Potential Influenza A (H5N1) Pandemic with Better Vaccines
    Haque, Azizul ;
    Hober, Didier
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1512-1518.
    Influenza A (H5N1) viruses are strong candidates for causing the next influenza pandemic if they acquire the ability for efficient human-to-human transmission. A major public health goal is to make efficacious vaccines against these viruses by using novel approaches, including cell-culture system, reverse genetics, and adjuvant development. Importa ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Predominance of Rotavirus P4G2 in a Vaccinated Population Brazil
    Predominance of Rotavirus P[4]G2 in a Vaccinated Population, Brazil
    Gurgel, Ricardo Q. ;
    Cuevas, Luis E.
    Oct 2007 | Emerg Infect Dis. 13(10):1571-1573.
    We identified 21 rotaviruses in 129 patients with diarrhea in a Brazilian city with high rotavirus vaccine coverage. All rotaviruses were genotype P[4]G2 with 1 mixed infection with P[NT]G9. Although virus predominance could have occurred randomly, the vaccine may be less protective against P[4]G2. Prospective surveillance is urgently needed.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
8861 - 8880 / 12469