U.S. flag An official website of the United States government.
Official websites use .gov

A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS

A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Emerging Infectious Diseases

CDC Stacks Public Health Publications

Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) is a peer-reviewed, monthly journal published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It offers the latest scientific information on emerging infectious diseases and trends. Emerging Infectious Diseases is freely available to the public as Diamond Open Access. For more on EID, visit https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid.

(2)
(1)
(298)
(338)
(552)
(470)
(665)
(520)
(522)
(529)
(508)
(549)
(530)
(503)
(519)
(590)
(545)
(575)
(554)
(510)
(513)
(499)
(522)
(375)
(338)
(248)
(132)
(184)
(149)
(95)
(82)
(52)
0 of 32
(1)
(11265)
(4)
(938)
(484)
0 of 5
(13)
(93)
(6)
(7)
(4)
(7)
(46)
(22)
(8)
(24)
(2)
(11)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(3)
(17)
(17)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(17)
(52)
(39)
(11)
(3)
(65)
(3)
(21)
(2)
(7)
(4)
(1)
(178)
(27)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(77)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(42)
(1)
(26)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(23)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(322)
(2)
(30)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(19)
(4)
(1)
(134)
(1)
(1)
(51)
(43)
(129)
(1)
(3)
(16)
(22)
(8)
(10)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(48)
(566)
(1)
(40)
(30)
(1)
(8)
(12)
(23)
(1)
(10)
(5)
(1)
(5)
(14)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(64)
(39)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(11)
(5)
(2)
(14)
(1)
(13)
(38)
(1)
(1)
(61)
(5)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(39)
(1)
(261)
(5)
(13)
(5)
(5)
(56)
(1)
(50)
(285)
(27)
(27)
(3)
(46)
(19)
(1)
(234)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(38)
(22)
(46)
(2)
(6)
(1)
(5)
(15)
(36)
(2)
(4)
(59)
(12)
(1)
(4)
(89)
(17)
(3)
(8)
(1)
(26)
(188)
(7)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(6)
(45)
(11)
(25)
(10)
(7)
(75)
(109)
(10)
(230)
(8)
(8)
(1)
(13)
(7)
(92)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(3)
(21)
(16)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(26)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(15)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(35)
(1)
(7)
(33)
(28)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(30)
(26)
(12)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(96)
(2)
(24)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(18)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(40)
(7)
(16)
(1)
(16)
(12)
(19)
(12)
(34)
(7)
(4)
(17)
(128)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(15)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(21)
(16)
(1)
(2)
(17)
(1)
(69)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(70)
(47)
(10)
(7)
(57)
(1)
(59)
(23)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(13)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(30)
(8)
(4)
(3)
(45)
(19)
(3)
(2)
(14)
(20)
(18)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(12)
(1)
(3)
(38)
(1)
(2)
(9)
(18)
(8)
(1)
(33)
(58)
(4)
(1)
(22)
(1)
(10)
(18)
(24)
(1)
(28)
(5)
(19)
(19)
(163)
(1)
(14)
(8)
(9)
(59)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(3)
(48)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(40)
(3)
(1)
(10)
(3)
(40)
(49)
(1)
(6)
(11)
(13)
(138)
(36)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(9)
(1)
(11)
(10)
(176)
(1)
(29)
(1)
(24)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(31)
(37)
(9)
(1)
(82)
(4)
(44)
(1)
(1)
(27)
(84)
(143)
(1)
(9)
(2)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(16)
(8)
(1)
(73)
(9)
(14)
(103)
(881)
(3)
(12)
(3)
(18)
(5)
(2)
(16)
(2)
(11)
(100)
(18)
(25)
(27)
(1)
(10)
(4)
(13)
(20)
(4)
(7)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(19)
(5)
0 of 441
(53)
(82)
(95)
(151)
(190)
(133)
(249)
(336)
(377)
(528)
(500)
(513)
(510)
(554)
(575)
(523)
(591)
(515)
(499)
(532)
(545)
(505)
(528)
(519)
(521)
(629)
(506)
(551)
(338)
(298)
0 of 30
(1123)
(1151)
(1065)
(1105)
(1034)
(1034)
(977)
(942)
(967)
(933)
(946)
(1019)
0 of 12
(23)
(18)
(69)
(155)
(28)
(23)
(19)
(84)
(23)
(21)
(1569)
(2669)
(103)
(21)
(19)
(22)
(77)
(123)
(1418)
(301)
(253)
(22)
(41)
(31)
(16)
(25)
(38)
(22)
(71)
(17)
(117)
(25)
(19)
(19)
(54)
(56)
(38)
(3984)
(93)
(189)
(23)
(41)
(57)
(25)
(86)
(742)
(105)
(20)
(153)
(20)
(27)
(54)
(38)
(631)
(86)
(19)
(51)
(78)
(73)
(36)
(17)
(19)
(131)
(138)
(68)
(19)
(45)
(27)
(25)
(39)
(22)
(19)
(32)
(19)
(24)
(29)
(25)
(37)
(33)
(31)
(165)
(209)
(76)
(60)
(169)
(57)
(136)
(16)
(20)
(46)
(56)
(230)
(28)
(40)
(97)
(141)
(18)
(37)
(46)
(36)
(84)
(109)
(209)
(34)
(20)
(17)
(16)
(66)
(28)
(24)
(20)
(18)
(208)
(24)
(18)
(68)
(21)
(20)
(19)
(18)
(107)
(16)
(39)
(64)
(32)
(25)
(27)
(33)
(202)
(21)
(38)
(28)
(19)
(139)
(37)
(41)
(62)
(16)
(30)
(26)
(62)
(38)
(21)
(89)
(217)
(63)
(17)
(143)
(296)
(119)
(22)
(82)
(20)
(25)
(36)
(31)
(37)
(16)
(162)
(37)
(51)
(27)
(1519)
(1232)
(151)
(23)
(17)
(87)
(24)
(61)
(17)
(27)
(60)
(38)
(16)
(123)
(21)
(40)
(126)
(110)
(38)
(23)
(181)
(197)
(544)
(25)
(21)
(134)
(31)
(24)
(107)
(49)
(20)
(476)
(40)
(22)
(21)
(36)
(394)
(31)
(20)
(21)
(30)
(27)
(186)
(38)
(148)
(29)
(51)
(28)
(68)
(66)
(23)
(16)
(16)
(47)
(16)
(46)
(16)
(277)
(19)
(18)
(50)
(16)
(38)
(163)
(55)
(45)
(66)
(20)
(26)
(175)
(139)
(32)
(18)
(28)
(68)
(20)
(20)
(154)
(26)
(18)
(27)
(24)
(16)
(44)
(57)
(1911)
(18)
(318)
(35)
(84)
(74)
(2069)
(20)
(18)
(152)
(272)
(48)
(17)
(46)
(322)
(32)
(91)
(31)
(244)
(43)
(45)
(60)
(38)
(90)
(21)
(16)
(57)
(26)
(61)
(141)
(18)
(20)
(25)
(22)
(35)
(25)
(48)
(26)
(47)
(40)
(30)
(83)
(36)
(44)
(51)
(46)
(21)
(29)
(17)
(43)
(28)
(19)
(59)
(33)
(41)
(27)
(50)
(118)
(77)
(24)
(105)
(76)
(29)
(19)
(69)
(106)
(32)
(16)
(62)
(66)
(30)
(17)
(25)
(122)
(52)
(98)
(17)
(28)
(65)
(24)
(31)
(52)
(27)
(201)
(274)
(3339)
(33)
(81)
(28)
(29)
(33)
(27)
(22)
(55)
(25)
(54)
(34)
(191)
(35)
(23)
(112)
(24)
(39)
(99)
(19)
(20)
(31)
(16)
(36)
(168)
(16)
(17)
(25)
(16)
(168)
(157)
(228)
(100)
(208)
(77)
(530)
(86)
(83)
(180)
(38)
(71)
(32)
(20)
(55)
(50)
(31)
(18)
(18)
(22)
(31)
(75)
(29)
(17)
(18)
(46)
(155)
(63)
(16)
(29)
(20)
(66)
(97)
(45)
(21)
(20)
(26)
(47)
(19)
(38)
(58)
(24)
(25)
(57)
(126)
(43)
(23)
(17)
(16)
(40)
(91)
(63)
(25)
(21)
(52)
(18)
(16)
(16)
(16)
(28)
(27)
(83)
(77)
(253)
(160)
(16)
(18)
(132)
(23)
(44)
(32)
(84)
(121)
(229)
(53)
(23)
(17)
(8858)
(17)
(35)
(21)
(36)
(16)
(31)
(116)
(155)
(110)
(47)
(595)
(1001)
(414)
(27)
(86)
(23)
(32)
(42)
(33)
(81)
(286)
(52)
(222)
(19)
(45)
(20)
(76)
(149)
(80)
(128)
(619)
(19)
(17)
(20)
(27)
(18)
(210)
(21)
(44)
(56)
(28)
(25)
(20)
(38)
(107)
(52)
(30)
(20)
(19)
(46)
(28)
(26)
(63)
(39)
(26)
(22)
(16)
(21)
(20)
(19)
(38)
(19)
(20)
(35)
(39)
(21)
(22)
(39)
(20)
(101)
(28)
(22)
(53)
(39)
(49)
(26)
(39)
(60)
(37)
(16)
(78)
(22)
(21)
(22)
(18)
(42)
(30)
(137)
(102)
(33)
(19)
(3453)
(33)
(16)
(61)
(27)
(34)
(68)
(19)
(58)
(28)
(28)
(44)
(19)
(55)
(27)
(24)
(32)
(25)
(114)
(51)
(22)
(217)
(553)
(20)
(2114)
(79)
(75)
(16)
(29)
(65)
(36)
(33)
(57)
(154)
(536)
(132)
(47)
(50)
(19)
(50)
(30)
(33)
(51)
(170)
(58)
(19)
(156)
(77)
(17)
(57)
(86)
(112)
(91)
(20)
(56)
(53)
(36)
(22)
(19)
(55)
(47)
(60)
(16)
(66)
(28)
(54)
(116)
(24)
(17)
(24)
(93)
(38)
(87)
(25)
(31)
(21)
(21)
(30)
(17)
(19)
(19)
(41)
(153)
(25)
(120)
(58)
(18)
(22)
(45)
(40)
(412)
(39)
(17)
(36)
(23)
(56)
(21)
(17)
(18)
(22)
(20)
(26)
(21)
(150)
(22)
(19)
(19)
(25)
(51)
(17)
(37)
(1516)
(51)
(40)
(56)
(56)
(34)
(46)
(77)
(45)
(51)
(37)
(18)
(22)
(25)
(161)
(19)
(18)
(19)
(17)
(538)
(17)
(68)
(72)
(30)
(39)
(23)
(20)
(633)
(113)
(107)
(19)
(208)
(105)
(589)
(17)
(21)
(45)
(21)
(22)
(24)
(19)
(140)
(35)
(21)
(21)
(275)
(26)
(231)
(71)
(64)
(20)
(66)
(95)
(17)
(49)
(217)
(44)
(82)
(37)
(25)
(28)
(35)
(23)
(92)
(26)
(50)
(69)
(44)
(46)
(34)
(25)
(21)
(43)
(19)
(25)
(1499)
(79)
(142)
(45)
(22)
(24)
(17)
(173)
(365)
(258)
(33)
(17)
(27)
(139)
(129)
(36)
(39)
(64)
(65)
(634)
(20)
(95)
(278)
(31)
(91)
(79)
(52)
(65)
(21)
(83)
(30)
(44)
(50)
(133)
(38)
(26)
(63)
(26)
(31)
(103)
(27)
(30)
(27)
(19)
(43)
(282)
(17)
(47)
(24)
(37)
(293)
(78)
(61)
(136)
(31)
(75)
(518)
(37)
(29)
(386)
(107)
(80)
(266)
(163)
(22)
(21)
(51)
(29)
(19)
(38)
(27)
(100)
(45)
(17)
(20)
(17)
(23)
(17)
(20)
(33)
(36)
(55)
(28)
(38)
(31)
(50)
(25)
(26)
(22)
(44)
(18)
(134)
(31)
(34)
(19)
(17)
(38)
(176)
(25)
(17)
(52)
(61)
(120)
(18)
(50)
(29)
(54)
(27)
(18)
(29)
(25)
(20)
(22)
(25)
(35)
(18)
(30)
(27)
(27)
(309)
(152)
(19)
(29)
(26)
(244)
(18)
(17)
(56)
(33)
(33)
(40)
(58)
(148)
(363)
(45)
(27)
(402)
(24)
(33)
(186)
(20)
(200)
(20)
(91)
(106)
(43)
(23)
(23)
(34)
(51)
(52)
(23)
(225)
(34)
(18)
(25)
(28)
(35)
(31)
(57)
(79)
(20)
(21)
(18)
(21)
(44)
(72)
(36)
(105)
(52)
(41)
(133)
(28)
(62)
(55)
(44)
(199)
(23)
(27)
(90)
(50)
(218)
(77)
(55)
(65)
(38)
(19)
(27)
(17)
(18)
(842)
(105)
(98)
(31)
(669)
(57)
(140)
(23)
(24)
(48)
(46)
(21)
(26)
(539)
(17)
(18)
(49)
(60)
(17)
(51)
(25)
(27)
(30)
(27)
(19)
(32)
(23)
(362)
(37)
(70)
(26)
(46)
(21)
(17)
(173)
(29)
(31)
(47)
(19)
(26)
(20)
(58)
(23)
(27)
(19)
(21)
(36)
(28)
(95)
(23)
(51)
(23)
(33)
(46)
(25)
(21)
(18)
(18)
(18)
(88)
(23)
(111)
(28)
(24)
(30)
(40)
(23)
(17)
(30)
(62)
(211)
(128)
(27)
(24)
(28)
(28)
(18)
(23)
(88)
(17)
(30)
(49)
(63)
(51)
(93)
(34)
(22)
(29)
(151)
(21)
(554)
(42)
(303)
(24)
0 of 1000
(8)
(10)
(9)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(12)
(7)
(10)
(16)
(12)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(15)
(7)
(22)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(13)
(8)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(10)
(15)
(9)
(8)
(13)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(8)
(10)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(9)
(10)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(11)
(10)
(10)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(50)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(15)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(12)
(8)
(10)
(11)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(14)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(17)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(14)
(10)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(9)
(12)
(7)
(9)
(13)
(90)
(23)
(20)
(10)
(15)
(15)
(8)
(8)
(26)
(8)
(12)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(17)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(14)
(9)
(7)
(14)
(11)
(7)
(11)
(8)
(27)
(13)
(9)
(8)
(8)
(11)
(10)
(8)
(7)
(15)
(12)
(9)
(10)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(11)
(7)
(8)
(21)
(12)
(7)
(14)
(12)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(11)
(7)
(9)
(8)
(11)
(20)
(10)
(8)
(10)
(18)
(16)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(17)
(8)
(10)
(17)
(13)
(13)
(12)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(47)
(8)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(13)
(7)
(8)
(11)
(11)
(7)
(9)
(27)
(11)
(9)
(15)
(7)
(9)
(8)
(12)
(9)
(18)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(8)
(12)
(11)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(15)
(8)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(15)
(21)
(8)
(8)
(34)
(14)
(64)
(9)
(12)
(7)
(12)
(8)
(9)
(11)
(8)
(8)
(14)
(8)
(10)
(9)
(11)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(11)
(7)
(15)
(7)
(14)
(7)
(22)
(11)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(12)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(17)
(10)
(10)
(23)
(8)
(9)
(18)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(13)
(11)
(7)
(9)
(9)
(16)
(16)
(10)
(18)
(9)
(27)
(12)
(10)
(7)
(15)
(8)
(13)
(9)
(8)
(9)
(7)
(12)
(7)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(14)
(9)
(8)
(19)
(7)
(15)
(10)
(7)
(25)
(12)
(11)
(8)
(7)
(11)
(9)
(8)
(10)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(12)
(10)
(8)
(11)
(7)
(11)
(7)
(15)
(16)
(28)
(10)
(7)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(26)
(8)
(10)
(9)
(8)
(8)
(15)
(11)
(8)
(16)
(11)
(29)
(17)
(9)
(15)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(30)
(12)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(11)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(17)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(12)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(37)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(11)
(10)
(10)
(7)
(16)
(7)
(19)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(15)
(8)
(12)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(31)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(14)
(10)
(8)
(18)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(16)
(7)
(13)
(8)
(12)
(8)
(10)
(11)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(8)
(11)
(8)
(10)
(17)
(13)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(17)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(12)
(10)
(11)
(11)
(8)
(13)
(21)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(10)
(9)
(11)
(13)
(12)
(8)
(13)
(16)
(13)
(11)
(7)
(7)
(18)
(7)
(20)
(20)
(7)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(20)
(8)
(13)
(10)
(8)
(14)
(10)
(11)
(11)
(10)
(19)
(36)
(8)
(12)
(14)
(9)
(9)
(17)
(10)
(7)
(22)
(17)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(14)
(7)
(7)
(9)
(13)
(7)
(21)
(7)
(13)
(7)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(17)
(16)
(7)
(12)
(8)
(11)
(12)
(8)
(9)
(7)
(9)
(17)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(24)
(17)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(11)
(11)
(7)
(15)
(22)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(22)
(13)
(17)
(7)
(16)
(8)
(9)
(20)
(17)
(10)
(12)
(9)
(8)
(31)
(9)
(8)
(9)
(15)
(15)
(7)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(12)
(17)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(24)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(17)
(18)
(8)
(10)
(17)
(15)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(34)
(11)
(10)
(7)
(16)
(9)
(14)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(15)
(10)
(15)
(7)
(7)
(14)
(10)
(9)
(8)
(19)
(9)
(11)
(16)
(19)
(7)
(8)
(15)
(12)
(8)
(12)
(8)
(7)
(12)
(15)
(12)
(9)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(10)
(8)
(7)
(39)
(12)
(9)
(14)
(12)
(7)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(21)
(16)
(7)
(7)
(14)
(13)
(19)
(16)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(15)
(15)
(9)
(32)
(12)
(19)
(8)
(7)
(34)
(22)
(14)
(27)
(8)
(23)
(11)
(11)
(7)
(49)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(7)
(13)
(8)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(13)
(43)
(13)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(15)
(7)
(8)
(21)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(20)
(11)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(18)
(7)
(9)
(25)
(25)
(16)
(7)
(18)
(10)
(129)
(8)
(7)
(12)
(9)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(14)
(7)
(9)
(11)
(15)
(151)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(12)
(13)
(15)
(8)
(23)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(8)
(12)
(7)
(35)
(9)
(8)
(49)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(16)
(12)
(7)
(7)
(33)
(7)
(8)
(17)
(9)
(7)
(9)
(8)
(9)
(9)
(9)
(10)
(7)
(17)
(8)
(32)
(7)
(8)
(8)
(21)
(10)
(19)
(13)
(7)
(9)
(16)
(9)
(10)
(9)
(11)
(9)
(14)
(8)
(11)
(7)
(12)
(20)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(10)
(8)
(11)
(14)
(16)
(18)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(14)
(10)
(16)
(21)
(7)
(10)
(9)
(10)
(15)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(11)
(18)
(11)
(7)
(26)
(21)
(19)
(7)
(11)
(9)
(9)
(15)
(13)
(10)
(8)
(24)
(18)
(10)
(14)
(8)
(27)
(9)
(8)
(9)
(11)
(8)
(33)
(9)
(11)
(11)
(11)
(9)
(14)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(8)
(8)
(10)
(18)
(11)
(27)
(13)
(11)
(10)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(29)
(10)
(8)
(12)
(21)
(10)
(10)
(21)
(8)
(8)
(24)
(14)
(15)
(8)
(18)
(16)
(8)
(8)
(13)
(9)
(9)
(19)
(8)
(8)
(14)
(16)
(30)
(26)
(20)
(19)
(17)
(8)
(12)
(12)
(11)
(10)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(22)
(8)
(10)
(8)
(9)
(13)
(8)
(15)
(8)
(13)
(8)
(9)
(13)
(12)
(8)
(18)
(10)
(13)
(12)
(9)
(9)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(8)
(22)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(17)
(9)
(34)
(9)
(10)
(12)
(12)
(11)
(9)
(8)
(9)
(9)
(8)
(20)
(8)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(12)
(28)
(10)
(14)
(8)
0 of 1000
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 468
(126)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(6)
(61)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(25)
(1)
(291)
(1)
(2)
(43)
(4)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(240)
(6)
(431)
(1)
(1345)
(9)
(19)
(10)
(1)
(10)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(8)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(73)
(1)
(69)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(18)
(1)
0 of 47
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(33)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(46)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(72)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(10)
(3)
(1)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(15)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(3)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(71)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(8)
(5)
(1)
(7)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(44)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(54)
(23)
(66)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(7)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(82)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(10)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(54)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(5)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(3)
(5)
(177)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(8)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(8)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(4)
(4)
(26)
(47)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(7)
(3)
(20)
(2)
(26)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(16)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(19)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(25)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(6)
(46)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(33)
(29)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(16)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(6)
(19)
(4)
(5)
(18)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(19)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(38)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(43)
(25)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(111)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(25)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(53)
(2)
(20)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(4)
(15)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(15)
(2)
(6)
(3)
(5)
(10)
(14)
(7)
(5)
(3)
(18)
(14)
(58)
(3)
(2)
(209)
(2)
(2)
(12)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(156)
(2)
0 of 1000
Showing 8101 - 8120 of 12469 results
  • Detection of Newly Described Astrovirus MLB1 in Stool Samples from Children
    Detection of Newly Described Astrovirus MLB1 in Stool Samples from Children
    Finkbeiner, Stacy R. ;
    Le, Binh-Minh
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):441-444.
    The prevalence of the recently identified astrovirus MLB1 in a cohort of children with diarrhea in St. Louis, Missouri, USA, was defined by reverse transcription-PCR. Of 254 stool specimens collected in 2008, 4 were positive for astrovirus MLB1. These results show that astrovirus MLB1 is circulating in North America.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Merkel Cell Polyomavirus in Respiratory Tract Secretions
    Merkel Cell Polyomavirus in Respiratory Tract Secretions
    Goh, Shan ;
    Lindau, Cecilia
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):489-491.
    Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), associated with Merkel cell carcinoma, was detected in 27 of 635 nasopharyngeal aspirate samples by real-time PCR. MCPyV was more commonly found in adults than in children. Presence in the upper respiratory tract may be a general property of human PyVs.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Fantastic Voyage Influenza
    Fantastic Voyage: Influenza
    Tang, Julian W.
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):512.
    No Description
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Introduction into Nigeria of a Distinct Genotype of Avian Influenza Virus H5N1
    Introduction into Nigeria of a Distinct Genotype of Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1)
    Fusaro, Alice ;
    Joannis, Tony
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):445-447.
    Genetic characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H5N1) isolated in July 2008 in Nigeria indicates that a distinct genotype, never before detected in Africa, reached the continent. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the viruses are genetically closely related to European and Middle Eastern influenza A (H5N1) isolates detected in ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Sudden Increases in Listeriosis Rates in England and Wales 2001 and 2003
    Sudden Increases in Listeriosis Rates in England and Wales, 2001 and 2003
    Cairns, Benjamin J. ;
    Payne, Robert J.H.
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):465-468.
    The monthly incidence of listeriosis infections in England and Wales had 2 sudden increases during April 2001 (41%) and March 2003 (48%). Although no causative association is demonstrated, these increases correspond to key dates relating to the onset and aftermath of the 2001 foot and mouth disease outbreak in the United Kingdom.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients Undergoing Upper Endoscopy Republic of Georgia
    Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients Undergoing Upper Endoscopy, Republic of Georgia
    Tarkhashvili, Nato ;
    Beriashvili, Rusudan
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):504-505.
    No Description
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 Outbreak in Captive Wild Birds and Cats Cambodia
    Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1) Outbreak in Captive Wild Birds and Cats, Cambodia
    Desvaux, Stéphanie ;
    Marx, Nick
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):475-478.
    From December 2003 through January 2004, the Phnom Tamao Wildlife Rescue Centre, Cambodia, was affected by the highly pathogenic influenza virus (H5N1). Birds from 26 species died. Influenza virus subtype H5N1 was detected in 6 of 7 species tested. Cats from 5 of 7 species were probably infected; none died.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • ExtendedSpectrum LactamaseProducing Enterobacteriaceae in a Malian Orphanage
    Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase–Producing Enterobacteriaceae in a Malian Orphanage
    Tandé, Didier ;
    Jallot, Nelle
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):472-474.
    We show high rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae carriage among the staff and children at an orphanage in Bamako, Mali. Enterobacteriaceae colonized in 100% and 63%, respectively, of the 38 children and 30 adults studied. Use of antimicrobial drugs appeared excessive and inappropriate; decontamination and hygiene ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Meeting the Challenge of Influenza Pandemic Preparedness in Developing Countries
    Meeting the Challenge of Influenza Pandemic Preparedness in Developing Countries
    Fedson, David S.
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):365-371.
    Developing countries face unique difficulties preparing for an influenza pandemic. Our current top-down approach will not provide these countries with adequate supplies of vaccines and antiviral agents. Consequently, they will have to use a bottom-up approach based on inexpensive generic agents that either modify the host response to influenza viru ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Sources of Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 in the Netherlands
    Sources of Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 in the Netherlands
    Rutjes, Saskia A. ;
    Lodder, Willemijn J.
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):381-387.
    Non-travel-related hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 infections in persons in the Netherlands may have a zoonotic, foodborne, or water-borne origin. Possible reservoirs for HEV transmission by water, food, and animals were studied. HEV genotype 3/open reading frame 2 sequences were detected in 53% of pig farms, 4% of wild boar feces, and 17% of su ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • GuillainBarr Syndrome after Chikungunya Infection
    Guillain-Barré Syndrome after Chikungunya Infection
    Lebrun, Gaëtan ;
    Chadda, Karim
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):495-496.
    No Description
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • CME ACTIVITY Clinical Risk Factors for Severe Clostridium difficileassociated Disease
    CME ACTIVITY: Clinical Risk Factors for Severe Clostridium difficile–associated Disease
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):415.
    No Description
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Coordinated Implementation of Chikungunya Virus Reverse TranscriptionPCR
    Coordinated Implementation of Chikungunya Virus Reverse Transcription–PCR
    Panning, Marcus ;
    Charrel, Remi N.
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):469-471.
    A preformulated chikungunya virus real-time reverse transcription-PCR, quality-confirmed oligonucleotides, and noninfectious virus controls were distributed by the European Network for the Diagnosis of Imported Viral Diseases. An international proficiency study with 31 participants demonstrated that ad hoc implementation of molecular diagnostics wa ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Human Bocavirus and KIWU Polyomaviruses in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients
    Human Bocavirus and KI/WU Polyomaviruses in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients
    van de Pol, Alma C. ;
    Wolfs, Tom F.W.
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):454-457.
    We evaluated the prevalence of human bocavirus and KI and WU polyomaviruses in pediatric intensive care patients with and without lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). The prevalence of these viruses was 5.1%, 0%, and 2.6%, respectively, in children with LRTI and 4.8%, 4.8%, and 2.4%, respectively, in those without LRTI.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Epidemiology of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 8 Germany
    Epidemiology of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 8, Germany
    Conraths, Franz J. ;
    Gethmann, Jörn M.
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):433-435.
    In Germany, bluetongue disease had not been reported before 2006. During August 2006-August 2008, >24,000 bluetongue virus serotype 8 infections were reported, most (20,635) in 2007. In 2006 and 2007, respectively, case-fatality rates were 6.4% and 13.1% for cattle and 37.5% and 41.5% for sheep. Vaccination in 2008 decreased cases.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • CattoHuman Orthopoxvirus Transmission Northeastern Italy
    Cat-to-Human Orthopoxvirus Transmission, Northeastern Italy
    Carletti, Fabrizio ;
    Bordi, Licia
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):499-500.
    No Description
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • MethicillinResistant Staphylococcus aureus in Poultry
    Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Poultry
    Persoons, Davy ;
    Van Hoorebeke, Sebastiaan
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):452-453.
    Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been detected in several species and animal-derived products. To determine whether MRSA is present in poultry, we sampled 50 laying hens and 75 broiler chickens. MRSA was found in some broiler chickens but no laying hens. In all samples, spa type t1456 was found.
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Travel Medicine 2nd Edition
    Travel Medicine, 2nd Edition
    Chen, Lin H.
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):511.
    No Description
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Shiga Toxinproducing Escherichia coli Strains Negative for Locus of Enterocyte Effacement
    Shiga Toxin–producing Escherichia coli Strains Negative for Locus of Enterocyte Effacement
    Newton, Hayley J. ;
    Sloan, Joan
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):372-380.
    Most Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections that are associated with severe sequelae such as hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) are caused by attaching and effacing pathogens that carry the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE). However, a proportion of STEC isolates that do not carry LEE have been associated with HUS. To clarify the ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
  • Evaluation of Commercially Available AntiDengue Virus Immunoglobulin M Tests
    Evaluation of Commercially Available Anti–Dengue Virus Immunoglobulin M Tests
    Hunsperger, Elizabeth A. ;
    Yoksan, Sutee
    Mar 2009 | Emerg Infect Dis. 15(3):436-439.
    Anti-dengue virus immunoglobulin M kits were evaluated. Test sensitivities were 21%-99% and specificities were 77%-98% compared with reference ELISAs. False-positive results were found for patients with malaria or past dengue infections. Three ELISAs showing strong agreement with reference ELISAs will be included in the World Health Organization Bu ...
    Supporting Files Public Domain
8101 - 8120 / 12469
 Was this page helpful?
 Found an issue?
Send us an email at: publishinghd@cdc.gov