Trends in Prevalence of Protective Levels of Hepatitis B Surface Antibody Among Adults Aged 18-49 Years With Risk Factors for Hepatitis B Virus Infection-United States, 2003-2014

Details

• Journal Article:
  Clin Infect Dis
• Personal Author:
  King, Hope ; Xing, Jian ; Dean, Hazel D. ; Holtzman, Deborah
• Description:
  Background.
  
  Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can be prevented through vaccination. However, previous data show that only about 24%-45% of US adults at high risk of HBV infection are protected. Our aims were to assess prevalence and trends in protective levels of hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) from 2003 to 2014 and explore factors associated with protection among adults at high risk.
  
  Methods.
  
  Data were taken from the 2003-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination surveys. Our sample included adults aged 18-49 years who were tested for HBV and reported at least 1 of the following infection risks: history of sexually transmitted disease, sex with men (for men), infection with human immunodeficiency virus, and injection drug use. We calculated the prevalence of anti-HBs (≥10 mIU/mL), indicative of immunity from vaccination, among respondents for three 4-year time intervals (2003-2006, 2007-2010, and 2011-2014) and applied the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test to assess trends. Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined factors associated with positive anti-HBs serology.
  
  Results.
  
  The prevalence of positive anti-HBs serology was 23.4%. Prevalence increased from 2003-2006 (16.3%) to 2007-2010 (27.3%), but no change occurred from 2007-2010 (27.3%) to 2011-2014 (28.1%). Among factors predicting positive anti-HBs serology were young age and higher education.
  
  Conclusions.
  
  By 2014, less than one-third of adults aged 18-49 years at risk of infection exhibited protective antibodies ≥10 mIU/mL. Because these adults account for a majority of unprotected adults, targeted intervention strategies are essential to achieve the hepatitis B elimination goal.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Aged Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Antibodies Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis B Vaccines Hepatitis B Virus Humans Male Middle Aged Prevalence Risk Factors Vaccination Young Adult

  More +
• Keywords:
  Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Vaccination Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey United States
• Source:
  Clin Infect Dis. 70(9):1907-1915
• DOI:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz537
• Pubmed ID:
  31228240
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC7440671
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Volume:
  70
• Issue:
  9
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:37b6c16e2497b627b6d71d25fd1de22050c90784f36f7182adfad405eaa0fdf466c2a515667bdbf3e438450bf12a235682552596f3e55a611c52bcb23cca90da
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/92340/cdc_92340_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 624.00 KB ]