Molecular detection of respiratory pathogens among children aged younger than 5 years hospitalized with febrile acute respiratory infections: A prospective hospital‐based observational study in Niamey, Niger

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Health Sci Rep
• Personal Author:
  Lagare, Adamou ; Ousmane, Sani ; Dano, Ibrahim Dan ; Issaka, Bassira ; Issa, Idi ; Mainassara, Halima Boubacar ; Testa, Jean ; Tempia, Stefano ; Mamadou, Saidou
• Description:
  Background and Aims
  
  In Niger, acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are the second most common cause of death in children aged younger than 5 years. However, the etiology of ARI is poorly understood in the country. This study aims to describe viral and bacterial infections among children aged younger than 5 years hospitalized with febrile ARI at two hospitals in Niamey, Niger's capital city, and the reported clinical procedures.
  
  Methods
  
  We conducted a prospective study among children aged younger than 5 years hospitalized with febrile ARI at two national hospitals in Niamey between January and December 2015. Clinical presentation and procedures during admission were documented using a standardized case investigation form. Nasopharyngeal specimens collected from each patient were tested for a panel of respiratory viruses and bacteria using the Fast Track Diagnostic 21 Plus kit.
  
  Results
  
  We enrolled and tested 638 children aged younger than 5 years, of whom 411 (64.4%) were aged younger than 1 year, and 15 (2.4%) died during the study period. Overall, 496/638 (77.7%) specimens tested positive for at least one respiratory virus or bacterium; of these, 195 (39.3%) tested positive for respiratory viruses, 126 (25.4%) tested positive for respiratory bacteria, and 175 (35.3%) tested positive for both respiratory viruses and bacteria. The predominant viruses detected were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (149/638; 23.3%), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) types 1 to 4 (78/638; 12.2%), human rhinovirus (HRV) (62/638; 9.4%), human adenovirus (HAV) (60/638; 9.4%), and influenza virus (INF) (52/638; 8.1%). Streptococcus pneumoniae (249/638; 39.0%) was the most frequently detected bacterium, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (112/638; 12.2%) and Haemophilus influenzae type B (16/638; 2.5%). Chest X‐rays were performed at the discretion of the attending physician on 301 (47.2%) case patients. Of these patients, 231 (76.7%) had abnormal radiological findings. A total of 135/638 (21.2%) and 572/638 (89.7%) children received antibiotic treatment prior to admission and during admission, respectively.
  
  Conclusion
  
  A high proportion of respiratory viruses was detected among children aged younger than 5 years with febrile ARI, raising concerns about excessive use of antibiotics in Niger.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Bacteria Children Febrile Acute Respiratory Infection Niger Research Article Research Articles Viruses
• Source:
  Health Sci Rep. 2(11)
• Pubmed ID:
  31768420
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC6869554
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Volume:
  2
• Issue:
  11
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:bf9bd150ba06cf5d572085bbf07cb7e001fae13a7873eb4f136efb9127b15646
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/85375/cdc_85375_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.87 MB ]