A biomonitoring assessment of secondhand exposures to electronic cigarette emissions

Details

• Journal Article:
  Int J Hyg Environ Health
• Personal Author:
  Johnson, Jona M. ; Naeher, Luke P. ; Yu, Xiaozhong ; Sosnoff, Connie ; Wang, Lanqing ; Rathbun, Stephen L. ; De Jesús, Víctor R. ; Xia, Baoyun ; Holder, Cory ; Muilenburg, Jessica L. ; Wang, Jia-Sheng
  More +
• Description:
  Background: ; Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) conventions regularly bring together thousands of users around the world. In these environments, secondhand exposures to high concentrations of e-cigarette emissions are prevalent. Some biomarkers for tobacco smoke exposure may be used to characterize secondhand e-cigarette exposures in such an environment. ; Methods: ; Participants who did not use any tobacco product attended four separate e-cigarette events for approximately six hours. Urine and saliva samples were collected from participants prior to the event, immediately after the event, 4-h after the event, and the next morning (first void). Urine samples from 34 participants were analyzed for cotinine, trans-3′-hydroxycotinine, S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-acetylcysteine (3-HPMA), S-carboxyethyl-N-acetylcysteine (CEMA), select tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), and 8-isoprostane. Saliva samples were analyzed for cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine. ; Results: ; Data from 28 of 34 participants were used in the data analysis. Creatinine-adjusted urinary cotinine concentrations increased up to 13-fold and peaked 4-h after completed exposure (range of adjusted geometric means AGMs = 0.352–2.31 μg/g creatinine). Salivary cotinine concentrations were also the highest 4-h after completed exposure (range of AGMs = 0.0373–0.167 ng/mL). Salivary cotinine and creatinine-corrected concentrations of urinary cotinine, trans-3′-hydroxycotinine, CEMA, and 3-HPMA varied significantly across sampling times. Urinary and salivary cotinine, urinary trans-3′-hydroxycotinine, and urinary 3-HPMA concentrations also varied significantly across events. ; Conclusion: ; Secondhand e-cigarette exposures lasting six hours resulted in significant changes in exposure biomarker concentrations of both nicotine and acrolein but did not change exposure to tobacco-specific nitrosamines. Additional research is needed to understand the relationship between biomarker concentrations and environmental concentrations of toxicants in e-cigarette emissions.
• Keywords:
  • Electronic cigarettes
  • Biological monitoring
  • Secondhand exposures
  • Nicotine
  • Cotinine
  • Acetylcysteine
  • Acrolein
  • Adult
  • Biomarkers
  • Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
  More +
• Source:
  Int J Hyg Environ Health. 222(5):816-823
• DOI:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.04.013
• Pubmed ID:
  31085112
• Pubmed Central ID:
  PMC6938228
• Document Type:
  Text ; Journal Article
• Funding:
  CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/ ; T42 OH008436/OH/NIOSH CDC HHSUnited States/
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Volume:
  222
• Issue:
  5
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/83859/cdc_83859_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 721.05 KB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:f58ba71f2f18ba084180e0112704ffb624297491110670d2579594ea0f44916f02d11d4725916932f8205075d20186cae969d6f48d96f3f6237e011844704c96