Low Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine among Children in Dakar, Senegal

Details

• Alternative Title:
  PLoS One
• Personal Author:
  Rey-Cuille, Marie-Anne ; Seck, Abdoulaye ; Njouom, Richard ; Chartier, Loïc ; Sow, Housseyn Dembel ; Mamadou, ; Ka, Amadou Sidy ; Njankouo, Mohamadou ; Rousset, Dominique ; Giles-Vernick, Tamara ; Unal, Guillemette ; Sire, Jean-Marie ; Garin, Benoît ; Simon, François ; Vray, Muriel
• Description:
  HBV vaccine was introduced into the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in Senegal and Cameroon in 2005. We conducted a cross-sectional study in both countries to assess the HBV immune protection among children. All consecutive children under 4 years old, hospitalized for any reason between May 2009 and May 2010, with an immunisation card and a complete HBV vaccination, were tested for anti-HBs and anti-HBc. A total of 242 anti-HBc-negative children (128 in Cameroon and 114 in Senegal) were considered in the analysis. The prevalence of children with anti-HBs ≥ 10 IU/L was higher in Cameroon with 92% (95% CI: 87%-97%) compared to Senegal with 58% (95% CI: 49%-67%), (p<0.001). The response to vaccination in Senegal was lower in 2006-2007 (43%) than in 2008-2009 (65%), (p = 0.028). Our results, although not based on a representative sample of Senegalese or Cameroonian child populations, reveal a significant problem in vaccine response in Senegal. This response problem extends well beyond hepatitis B: the same children who have not developed an immune response to the HBV vaccine are also at risk for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTwP) and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). Field biological monitoring should be carried out regularly in resource-poor countries to check quality of the vaccine administered.
• Subjects:
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis B Vaccines
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Vaccination
• Source:
  PLoS One. 2012; 7(5).
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Senegal
• Volume:
  7
• Issue:
  5
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/8199/cdc_8199_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 92.92 KB]
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:aab9878678732106d1afe188d2030499f09e4b6375d77f0e58061971857daac5